tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-92100281740679781412024-02-27T02:09:39.931-05:00Pop HealthExamining The Intersection of Public Health and Pop Culture.Anonymoushttp://www.blogger.com/profile/14481454257463612485noreply@blogger.comBlogger137125tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-9210028174067978141.post-29795362246198087492016-04-05T11:55:00.000-04:002016-04-05T11:55:59.847-04:00Pop Health Now Exclusively On InstagramMany Pop Health readers may be wondering- where is the new content? The answer- <b><a href="https://www.instagram.com/_pophealth_/" target="_blank">on Instagram</a></b>!<br />
<br />
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEig9XysjTlMyKrTduAHxJWHkWGoV1CK9rbUysepfCTmNdcuGW1a3mXSwSnwVD7CnNEuriIxdVpH-zrrprOJ0SnvkSXhejeYX6unNlIeJ9i2PztAJ_uNHes-eU4sYZNTOra_1puRM0IZOzeD/s1600/PopHealth-IG.png" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="416" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEig9XysjTlMyKrTduAHxJWHkWGoV1CK9rbUysepfCTmNdcuGW1a3mXSwSnwVD7CnNEuriIxdVpH-zrrprOJ0SnvkSXhejeYX6unNlIeJ9i2PztAJ_uNHes-eU4sYZNTOra_1puRM0IZOzeD/s640/PopHealth-IG.png" width="640" /></a></div>
<br />
I am taking a break from blogging, but you can find new pop culture and public health content and commentary on my <a href="https://www.instagram.com/_pophealth_/" target="_blank">Pop Health Instagram account</a>.<br />
<br />
There are 5 years worth of blog posts here, so I hope you'll search the archives and continue to share my work in your classrooms and other venues.<br />
<br />
You can also keep up with me (and my favorite public health resources) on my <b><a href="http://romanphconsulting.com/" target="_blank">consulting website</a></b>.<br />
<br />
Thanks for being a loyal Pop Health reader!Anonymoushttp://www.blogger.com/profile/14481454257463612485noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-9210028174067978141.post-82094214413551801882015-07-31T09:30:00.000-04:002015-07-31T09:30:00.108-04:00Pop Health Is Now on InstagramA few years ago, Pop Health posted on <a href="http://pop-health.blogspot.com/2013/06/instagram-it-using-instagram-for-public.html" target="_blank">using Instagram for public health</a>. Well- I am now joining in <b><a href="https://instagram.com/_pophealth_/" target="_blank">here</a></b>! Having an IG account will allow the Pop Health topics and discussions to continue between blog posts. This week I highlighted the following stories and public health issues:<br />
<br />
Nick Offerman (aka Ron Swanson) is a pizza farmer in a new <a href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0weSjPKi4cs" target="_blank">Funny or Die video</a> sponsored by the <a href="http://www.heart.org/HEARTORG/" target="_blank">American Heart Association</a> and the <a href="http://www.strokeassociation.org/STROKEORG/" target="_blank">American Stroke Association</a> focused on healthy school lunches.<br />
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<iframe width="320" height="266" class="YOUTUBE-iframe-video" data-thumbnail-src="https://i.ytimg.com/vi/0weSjPKi4cs/0.jpg" src="https://www.youtube.com/embed/0weSjPKi4cs?feature=player_embedded" frameborder="0" allowfullscreen></iframe></div>
<br />
<br />
The death of Bobbi Kristina Brown. So sad and bringing up many important issues from interpersonal violence to end of life care.<br />
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiVIJ-7TcOS6dE24ydHpZoMolysPW4Ofjhtifa-udlPwiOXj2lDErKaXCI1L5-EOW1trOfe76cfVYh3m12FQl2ddKSbo6AP7oeuPl7SHI3rt_qiAYlX8Y3x-GwPsODAMX_NXRx3Aznlkl0w/s1600/IG4.png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiVIJ-7TcOS6dE24ydHpZoMolysPW4Ofjhtifa-udlPwiOXj2lDErKaXCI1L5-EOW1trOfe76cfVYh3m12FQl2ddKSbo6AP7oeuPl7SHI3rt_qiAYlX8Y3x-GwPsODAMX_NXRx3Aznlkl0w/s320/IG4.png" width="311" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Screenshot: The New York Times</td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<br />
<a href="http://nymag.com/thecut/2015/07/bill-cosbys-accusers-speak-out.html" target="_blank">The cover of New York Magazine</a> was incredibly powerful this week with 35 women coming forward to tell their stories about being assaulted by Bill Cosby.<br />
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjhKRBTqQ9McmnFEwJP5T3uQvxveujwB28qxuqkGHjRMH3ZkV1U19mfTf64PE4ofmDMfauInd6How5SEi7UcJCsdkYwHdy0poPU_Hwy8bl-ZNmbxK2yJwAwiq0YgFOEmL8FGrirSysIxE-h/s1600/IG2.png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="311" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjhKRBTqQ9McmnFEwJP5T3uQvxveujwB28qxuqkGHjRMH3ZkV1U19mfTf64PE4ofmDMfauInd6How5SEi7UcJCsdkYwHdy0poPU_Hwy8bl-ZNmbxK2yJwAwiq0YgFOEmL8FGrirSysIxE-h/s320/IG2.png" width="320" /></a></div>
<br />
The <a href="http://www.menningerclinic.com/" target="_blank">Menninger Clinic</a>, one of the nation's leading psychiatric hospitals, released a video this month featuring a conversation with Oscar-winning actor Richard Dreyfuss about what it's like to live with Bipolar Disorder.<br />
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<iframe width="320" height="266" class="YOUTUBE-iframe-video" data-thumbnail-src="https://i.ytimg.com/vi/AsE6c4XkiAc/0.jpg" src="https://www.youtube.com/embed/AsE6c4XkiAc?feature=player_embedded" frameborder="0" allowfullscreen></iframe></div>
<br />
Please<b> <a href="https://instagram.com/_pophealth_/" target="_blank">follow me on IG</a></b> and comment below with your recommendations on the best public health practitioners and organizations for me to follow there!Anonymoushttp://www.blogger.com/profile/14481454257463612485noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-9210028174067978141.post-35321164752782385072015-07-24T10:48:00.000-04:002015-07-24T10:48:50.648-04:00How the American Heart Association and the Red Cross Won #Sharknado3My regular Pop Health readers know that (1) <a href="http://pop-health.blogspot.com/2013/07/everything-i-need-to-know-about-public.html" target="_blank">I love Sharknado</a> and (2) <a href="http://pop-health.blogspot.com/2013/07/royalbaby-offers-public-health-unique.html" target="_blank">I love to see how public health organizations capitalize on pop culture events (especially those accompanied by a large social media discussion) as an opportunity to advocate for health</a>.<br />
<br />
So I followed #Sharknado3 on Wednesday night...and was surprised that a large number of organizations DID NOT take advantage of the opportunity to talk about public health.<br />
<br />
However, the <a href="http://www.heart.org/HEARTORG/" target="_blank">American Heart Association</a> and the <a href="http://www.redcross.org/" target="_blank">American Red Cross</a> (along with their local affiliates) did a great job of tweeting throughout the movie, using humor to engage users, and starting a dialogue about important topics from emergency preparedness to CPR. Below are some of my favorites, please comment and tell me yours!<br />
<br />
<h2 style="text-align: center;">
<b><span style="color: #990000;"><u>The American Heart Association</u></span></b></h2>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiI8jFTPno6P8elYgpX_hoXjyEYwSCiK7UGGW3CYW02-bMPgm8aqevZOMJpHcporBjQ-kcEdOzU7zxUCQ-H_fvaXNssnx23wR1q8Tpz8ZUQ_D30UI9TfhJONQ2C-mNShQvzDG8fYsFeG09U/s1600/AHA1.png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiI8jFTPno6P8elYgpX_hoXjyEYwSCiK7UGGW3CYW02-bMPgm8aqevZOMJpHcporBjQ-kcEdOzU7zxUCQ-H_fvaXNssnx23wR1q8Tpz8ZUQ_D30UI9TfhJONQ2C-mNShQvzDG8fYsFeG09U/s1600/AHA1.png" /></a></div>
<br />
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiOKMHIbxR6wKMnwd6TVKwZQ8aUCESbOEowPeWtb-H9byTXfjmeXvNpRYY1wYgW-qimtIJgsldTAHk3i5rOz8LZuz2LYF1WPi9EyqjOLovSDCyXsl3gAGS-2ctrW5nKYPpsCQnRivnCdtoC/s1600/AHA3.png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiOKMHIbxR6wKMnwd6TVKwZQ8aUCESbOEowPeWtb-H9byTXfjmeXvNpRYY1wYgW-qimtIJgsldTAHk3i5rOz8LZuz2LYF1WPi9EyqjOLovSDCyXsl3gAGS-2ctrW5nKYPpsCQnRivnCdtoC/s1600/AHA3.png" /></a></div>
<br />
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgNVl-b-cjUnEcICLEUeV_R0XqPzx8Hun_htnq1vbtI4WJYwjuBwQCGzuef14G0YfzLnlmGXb6ic3l2cUDgH9ZYQDNUqHObCUPpEVYmKY1kQ_MtQOeaVUmMQLnQVwpB1c9diUzp9ZovPK-k/s1600/AHA4.png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgNVl-b-cjUnEcICLEUeV_R0XqPzx8Hun_htnq1vbtI4WJYwjuBwQCGzuef14G0YfzLnlmGXb6ic3l2cUDgH9ZYQDNUqHObCUPpEVYmKY1kQ_MtQOeaVUmMQLnQVwpB1c9diUzp9ZovPK-k/s1600/AHA4.png" /></a></div>
<div style="text-align: center;">
<b><span style="color: #990000;"><br /></span></b></div>
<h2 style="text-align: center;">
<b><span style="color: #990000;"><u>The American Red Cross</u></span></b></h2>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgqZ-xniYhjFokZG63cp-Oy5JzHi5zODqFuli_lz5nGMeLTYzbej8VLmGrFM7p7pWzybQ4Uh8HKxxF5NrSzK8lasQw45wtmeMinCctqRLenXHRT_EQj7C9iU8xetaqSDJTLtAr6gh1UZyUs/s1600/RedCross1.png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgqZ-xniYhjFokZG63cp-Oy5JzHi5zODqFuli_lz5nGMeLTYzbej8VLmGrFM7p7pWzybQ4Uh8HKxxF5NrSzK8lasQw45wtmeMinCctqRLenXHRT_EQj7C9iU8xetaqSDJTLtAr6gh1UZyUs/s1600/RedCross1.png" /></a></div>
<br />
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgZeGysdEN3qPDzOjHlFQSbuvPBJRA3NHg1WXANyZPREQmY_i8o9-ljyjhdklQcrBvk0IrdDXNEoAUggKTGRx2GuZsDrQ2mb6jJU5ErhoUd6ABy9KG3TqoJZckBHSYLQACbdTtZn6VM3d87/s1600/RedCross2.png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgZeGysdEN3qPDzOjHlFQSbuvPBJRA3NHg1WXANyZPREQmY_i8o9-ljyjhdklQcrBvk0IrdDXNEoAUggKTGRx2GuZsDrQ2mb6jJU5ErhoUd6ABy9KG3TqoJZckBHSYLQACbdTtZn6VM3d87/s1600/RedCross2.png" /></a></div>
<br />
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi2Gfrp9DxV0hyibX1QKekO2-4-rNnmK7dRZjlTjhFmlFFa5QRBX4eV5m_jhNHPzz6cs4lfQnTKh96B_Xr8oXHZF9O1Rbyexh0D4Cjz3jS0NyYv7tOsQYfmGzDdr5R_joTxEXwjLCP_htho/s1600/RedCross3.png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi2Gfrp9DxV0hyibX1QKekO2-4-rNnmK7dRZjlTjhFmlFFa5QRBX4eV5m_jhNHPzz6cs4lfQnTKh96B_Xr8oXHZF9O1Rbyexh0D4Cjz3jS0NyYv7tOsQYfmGzDdr5R_joTxEXwjLCP_htho/s1600/RedCross3.png" /></a></div>
<br />
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh5E2ck8C4E7rnWDRzL0THjpByjXB_QyQgWFOaqhd7Oza9VDV3_56Vfh6WbhU47pfQAoCKsBkfQS5JrMCAV7idf7sC7UwW3nmTkF99higSo_bGtOu4drtMK4q47wIhUf5AvcScTPeHWSmLZ/s1600/RedCross4.png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh5E2ck8C4E7rnWDRzL0THjpByjXB_QyQgWFOaqhd7Oza9VDV3_56Vfh6WbhU47pfQAoCKsBkfQS5JrMCAV7idf7sC7UwW3nmTkF99higSo_bGtOu4drtMK4q47wIhUf5AvcScTPeHWSmLZ/s1600/RedCross4.png" /></a></div>
<br />
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhIjllRPtjTIfYhYlxqVtKwmWcJ6F5xXq6pmTmINer3BNqsHPLlyfrX8Epidn6UFdnl_E-0cMcP3lQoLnUX6EtBRWJ6PaxKOf11obvxsuNVBvzSXQIQNv5L44EjQ58KKd1KpGqi6sOOEuyu/s1600/RedCross5.png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhIjllRPtjTIfYhYlxqVtKwmWcJ6F5xXq6pmTmINer3BNqsHPLlyfrX8Epidn6UFdnl_E-0cMcP3lQoLnUX6EtBRWJ6PaxKOf11obvxsuNVBvzSXQIQNv5L44EjQ58KKd1KpGqi6sOOEuyu/s1600/RedCross5.png" /></a></div>
<br />
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiJdkI1DQWoGyAbRI12Xo4-GlyWpVj_f2tsX73FYIrMjYKTyldU4IYrQ5dm5Y35OLSUaBG_axxVLegyfgzwcQopvVevkTRanvLXaK7nHyQ9rukFRr1bxiGdmR0jBBrU3VP9qtS5m0DnLDDn/s1600/RedCross6.png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiJdkI1DQWoGyAbRI12Xo4-GlyWpVj_f2tsX73FYIrMjYKTyldU4IYrQ5dm5Y35OLSUaBG_axxVLegyfgzwcQopvVevkTRanvLXaK7nHyQ9rukFRr1bxiGdmR0jBBrU3VP9qtS5m0DnLDDn/s1600/RedCross6.png" /></a></div>
<br />
<br />
<br />Anonymoushttp://www.blogger.com/profile/14481454257463612485noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-9210028174067978141.post-39196513607156413042015-06-03T15:24:00.000-04:002015-06-04T15:27:54.685-04:00What Are We Telling Mothers When We Say “Breast is Best"? Today on The Scientific Parent<span style="background-color: white; color: #313131; font-family: Arial, Tahoma, Helvetica, FreeSans, sans-serif; font-size: 14.8500003814697px; line-height: 20.7900009155273px;">I have recently joined </span><b><a href="http://thescientificparent.org/" target="_blank">The Scientific Parent</a></b><span style="background-color: white; color: #313131; font-family: Arial, Tahoma, Helvetica, FreeSans, sans-serif; font-size: 14.8500003814697px; line-height: 20.7900009155273px;"> as an </span><a href="http://thescientificparent.org/about-the-scientific-parent/who-we-are/" target="_blank">Editor at Large</a><span style="background-color: white; color: #313131; font-family: Arial, Tahoma, Helvetica, FreeSans, sans-serif; font-size: 14.8500003814697px; line-height: 20.7900009155273px;">. Today I'm getting a little personal and talking about why I chose to formula feed my preemie. I also put my public health hat on and discuss why I am concerned that we haven't learned how to promote breastfeeding without stigmatizing formula feeding.</span><br />
<span style="background-color: white; color: #313131; font-family: Arial, Tahoma, Helvetica, FreeSans, sans-serif; font-size: 14.8500003814697px; line-height: 20.7900009155273px;"><br /></span>
<span style="background-color: white; color: #313131; font-family: Arial, Tahoma, Helvetica, FreeSans, sans-serif; font-size: 14.8500003814697px; line-height: 20.7900009155273px;">There is a great discussion happening in the comment section of the article "</span><span style="color: #313131; font-family: Arial, Tahoma, Helvetica, FreeSans, sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: 14.8500003814697px; line-height: 20.7900009155273px;"><b><a href="http://thescientificparent.org/what-are-we-telling-mothers-when-we-say-breast-is-best/" target="_blank">What Are We Telling Mothers When We Say “Breast is Best"?</a></b> Please join us!</span></span>Anonymoushttp://www.blogger.com/profile/14481454257463612485noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-9210028174067978141.post-72047473872004392015-05-01T12:51:00.001-04:002015-05-02T11:30:35.262-04:00Sofia Vergara, Nick Loeb, and a Bioethics Dilemma<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="float: left; margin-right: 1em; text-align: left;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhQrMZnK2_6Fhm_p9gDblSx-4Bo9MIimZSDhWg3jsTQM54rs0bxN0YIPwDRRWayXAfiLx4Rv8Ondd8qOSVb4R-dz-KHhrS1_nBglYpiVQwT2npz7JZNSNU3BgRUWxbAJAv3arzhmc3-2dN-/s1600/Embryos.png" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhQrMZnK2_6Fhm_p9gDblSx-4Bo9MIimZSDhWg3jsTQM54rs0bxN0YIPwDRRWayXAfiLx4Rv8Ondd8qOSVb4R-dz-KHhrS1_nBglYpiVQwT2npz7JZNSNU3BgRUWxbAJAv3arzhmc3-2dN-/s1600/Embryos.png" height="307" width="320" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Image Credit: NY Times</td></tr>
</tbody></table>
On April 29, 2015 Nick Loeb, actress <a href="http://www.imdb.com/name/nm0005527/" target="_blank">Sofía Vergara</a>’s ex fiancé, <a href="http://mobile.nytimes.com/2015/04/30/opinion/sofiavergaras-ex-fiance-our-frozen-embryos-have-a-right-to-live.html?_r=0&referrer=" target="_blank">published an op-ed in the New York Times</a> outlining why he should be able to bring their frozen embryos to term against her objections.<br />
<br />
I am thrilled to welcome <b><a href="https://twitter.com/MaceyLHenderson" target="_blank">Macey L. Thompson Henderson, JD, PhD (ABD)</a> </b>to Pop Health today to discuss the bioethics and public health implications of this case.<br />
<br />
<b><u>Question: From your perspective, what are the key bioethical considerations in this case?</u></b><br />
<b><u><br /></u></b>
The principle of respect for autonomy involves respectful action as well as attitude. Beliefs and choices shift over time and problems can arise when a person’s present choices, desires or actions contradict previous choices. The ethical question to ask over the principle of autonomy in frozen embryo cases would be: “Is this person autonomously revoking their prior decision?” Informed consent is inherent to the ethical principle of autonomy.<br />
<br />
The media coverage of the present case itself could very well be considered an ethical issue. What is the role of the celebrity voice in raising public health awareness? It would be my hope that can we use this legal dispute to engage the public in a thought provoking conversation about prevention and advance planning for all areas of one’s healthcare. Nick Loeb’s ability to coin a New York Times OpEd and to subsequently gain publicity across international media outlets about a personal issue he admittedly originally intended to keep private could be examined with an ethical lens as well. I find it interesting how the timing on Loeb’s personal revelations directly coincide with the release of a new movie starring Sofia Vergara.<br />
<br />
<b><u>Question: Loeb writes, “When we create embryos for the purpose of life, should we not define them as life, rather than as property?” Should a couple’s intentions at the outset of IVF impact how embryos are later defined? Why or why not? </u></b><br />
<br />
American courts have never deemed frozen embryos as children. Frozen embryo case law appears to follow a logical and straightforward application of the abortion cases which the United States Supreme Court has upheld. The rationale for upholding these cases is based on a mother’s right to privacy and control over her own body versus any right of a nonviable fetus.<br />
<br />
<u>See: Webster v. Reproductive Health Services, 492 U.S. 490 (1989); Roe v. Wade, 410 U.S. 113 (1973); Davis v. Davis, 842 S.W.2d 588 (Tenn.)</u><br />
<br />
Media coverage seems to focus less on the debate about the classification of embryos as property versus children and more tuned into reproductive choices in general. I am happy to see a trend where the reproductive rights and decisions of all adults are valued and the conversation about parenthood choices have been promoted by various celebrities and media personalities.<br />
<br />
If the question really becomes about a “right to life” for the frozen embryos versus the “right to parenthood with Sofia Vergara” for Loeb, we could begin the public discussion about embryo adoption versus destruction which has more ethical implications.<br />
<br />
<b><u>Question: Loeb writes, “In my view, keeping them frozen forever is tantamount to killing them.” These are powerful words. In using them, he addresses a long-standing ethical debate regarding when life actually begins. How should this debate be addressed in the context of this case?</u></b><br />
<br />
I don’t agree that Loeb actually addresses a debate about the beginning of life with his claims that keeping frozen embryos are tantamount to killing them. Instead, I think Loeb opens the door for us to discuss important processes and educational efforts (including basic education about contracts) that should be in effect before people utilize assisted reproductive technology to aid infertility, delay parenthood, or for any other reason—medical or not. This is an opportunity to explore these public health communication opportunities from the perspective of patients, providers, and the public surrounding assisted reproductive technology.<br />
<br />
Loeb’s point makes me think about the ethical issue of post-mortem sperm retrieval. Is killing involved if you fail to procure a man’s viable sperm after death for potential fertilization of future embryos? What are the impacts on the future child and society?<br />
<br />
<b><u>Question: In thinking about this from a public health perspective: what system or policy-level changes could/should be made in reproductive health technology to avoid these types of disputes in the future? </u></b><br />
<br />
Assisted reproductive technology has left areas of American jurisprudence shuffling between gaps in family law, constitutional, statutory, and common law over family decision-making rights. Courts will remain key players in the debate in absence of state legislation. Is legislation always the best thing? Many would argue that unless contracts go against public policy, there is no need for the government to interfere. Parties in a contractual agreement can even agree to follow the laws of different states (which is common), therefore it can be challenging to get consensus on how much government involvement is necessary.<br />
<br />
In this case Loeb wants to void a contract based on a procedural problem with a form. “We signed a form stating that any embryos created through the process could be brought to term only with both parties’ consent. The form did not specify — as California law requires — what would happen if we separated. I am asking to have it voided.” This is where a public health perspective is important. There can be more attention paid to how healthcare forms are created and evaluated. Standardization of forms at the state level could help these types of challenges in the future.<br />
<br />
Health communicators can aide in providing patient education about all health planning, whether for reproductive and family planning or other types of advanced care planning like end of life care. It is obvious that Loeb and Vergara are “lawyered” up and that their celebrity status aids their ability in resolving these disputes especially with the public watching. I am more concerned about the couple in small town USA who might be going through a similar thing without the same resources. I think we have the duty and obligation to take celebrity cases involving health care decisions like this seriously in public health because we often fail to realize that television is one medium for which many individuals consume health information.<br />
<br />
<div>
<b><u>Please add additional comments/resources for readers here:</u></b></div>
<div>
<br /></div>
<div>
<div>
<a href="http://www.embryoadoption.org/" target="_blank">Embryo and Adoption Information </a></div>
<div>
<a href="http://www.thehastingscenter.org/Publications/BriefingBook/Detail.aspx?id=2210" target="_blank">Assisted Reproduction: The Hastings Center</a></div>
</div>
<div>
<br /></div>
<br />
<b><u>Macey L. Thompson Henderson, JD, PhD (ABD)</u></b> is a Health Policy and Management PhD Candidate focusing on implementation science and donation and transplantation. She has a law degree and extensive training in bioethics, data science, and public communications. Finding ways to utilize patient voices, media, and technology to improve living organ donor follow-up care is the focus of her doctoral dissertation. She currently teaches bioethics and health policy to public health and medical students. You can connect with Macey on <b><a href="https://twitter.com/MaceyLHenderson" target="_blank">Twitter</a> </b>and <a href="https://www.linkedin.com/in/maceylhenderson" target="_blank"><b>LinkedIn</b></a>.Anonymoushttp://www.blogger.com/profile/14481454257463612485noreply@blogger.com1tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-9210028174067978141.post-37616859786720133282015-04-17T20:38:00.001-04:002015-04-17T20:38:23.317-04:00Health Awareness Days: Sufficient Evidence to Support the Craze? A New Commentary in AJPHMy regular readers know that I have some hesitations about campaigns that focus on "<a href="http://pop-health.blogspot.com/2014/08/can-icebucketchallenge-really-help-cure.html" target="_blank">raising awareness</a>". The phrase is vague and its definition often varies depending on who you ask.<br />
<br />
So I'm excited to share that I recently published a new commentary on the topic with my colleague <a href="http://publichealth.drexel.edu/academics/faculty/Jonathan%20Purtle/" target="_blank">Dr. Jonathan Purtle</a> at the Drexel University School of Public Health. <a href="http://ajph.aphapublications.org/doi/10.2105/AJPH.2015.302621" target="_blank">"Health Awareness Days: Sufficient Evidence to Support the Craze?"</a> was published by the American Journal of Public Health yesterday. <a href="http://drexel.edu/now/archive/2015/April/Questioning-Health-Awareness-Days/" target="_blank">Drexel University posted a great press release</a> that summarizes the article and includes comments from us regarding recommendations and next steps.<br />
<br />
I hope you will all read and share the commentary!Anonymoushttp://www.blogger.com/profile/14481454257463612485noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-9210028174067978141.post-65045955755062958772015-04-16T12:40:00.001-04:002015-04-16T12:40:09.379-04:00Celebrity Moms Who Side With Science: Today on The Scientific ParentI have recently joined <a href="http://thescientificparent.org/" target="_blank">The Scientific Parent</a> as an <a href="http://thescientificparent.org/about-the-scientific-parent/who-we-are/" target="_blank">Editor at Large</a>. Today I'm talking pop health on the site with "<a href="http://thescientificparent.org/celebrity-moms-who-side-with-science/" target="_blank">Celebrity Moms Who Side With Science</a>". I'm giving a shout out to celebrity moms who side with science and passionately advocate for vaccination. I also break down their messages to see how closely they align with the barriers we know stand between children and their vaccinations. Please join us <a href="http://thescientificparent.org/celebrity-moms-who-side-with-science/" target="_blank">there</a> for the conversation!Anonymoushttp://www.blogger.com/profile/14481454257463612485noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-9210028174067978141.post-24147642646201712692015-04-10T13:49:00.001-04:002015-04-10T16:58:38.590-04:00"Unbreakable Kimmy Schmidt"…Comedy and Public Health?<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="float: left; margin-right: 1em; text-align: left;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEihBSXIiFv8d-IDpJzxSSzS_-OpvG7zLqpLLBSZVHk3H_TTCjprD0l2NWbG2AQ2eOBcTOpGyDSdKGodtkUpFXi7-wQ78OdM5syz0RuXyyfD-xFNK7AExM1l4AD1MpRUJBUxvM9140UBNhyphenhyphenj/s1600/Kimmy.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEihBSXIiFv8d-IDpJzxSSzS_-OpvG7zLqpLLBSZVHk3H_TTCjprD0l2NWbG2AQ2eOBcTOpGyDSdKGodtkUpFXi7-wQ78OdM5syz0RuXyyfD-xFNK7AExM1l4AD1MpRUJBUxvM9140UBNhyphenhyphenj/s1600/Kimmy.jpg" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Image credit: Netflix.com</td></tr>
</tbody></table>
Over the past year, I've enjoyed binge watching various TV shows after <a href="http://pop-health.blogspot.com/2014/08/olivia-wilde-world-breastfeeding-week.html" target="_blank">my son</a>’s bedtime. I've been hooked on anything from old school <i>Gilmore Girls</i> to <i>The Good Wife</i>. My husband and I recently started watching <i><a href="http://www.netflix.com/WiMovie/80025384" target="_blank">Unbreakable Kimmy Schmidt</a></i> on Netflix. We currently find ourselves 5 episodes into the series.<br />
<br />
The show has a funny female lead and a great cast of supporting characters (reminiscent of <i><a href="http://pop-health.blogspot.com/2013/11/what-public-health-can-learn-about.html" target="_blank">Parks and Recreation</a></i>)...so I think it can be easy to forget that we are watching a character who has just survived a serious trauma. In eighth grade, Kimmy Schmidt was kidnapped by the Reverend of a doomsday cult. She and several other women spent years hidden away in an underground bunker. In the pilot episode, the women are rescued from their bunker and Kimmy decides to start her life over in New York City.<br />
<br />
<a href="http://www.newyorker.com/magazine/2015/03/30/candy-girl" target="_blank">In a recent essay for The New Yorker</a>, <a href="https://twitter.com/emilynussbaum" target="_blank">Emily Nussbaum</a> did an incredible job reviewing this show, discussing Kimmy’s resilience, and highlighting an increasing trend to portray sexual violence survivors on popular TV shows.<br />
<br />
While the show is clearly a comedy, it still highlights several public health issues related to experiencing and surviving trauma. And these are important discussion points:<br />
<br />
<ul>
<li><b>The “Right” Language:</b> When I worked in rape crisis services, there was much discussion about the terms <a href="https://www.fcasv.org/victim-survivor" target="_blank">“victim” and “survivor”</a>. We were encouraged to use the term “survivor” because it conveyed strength and hope. However, some people seeking services do not connect with that term initially (or ever). Therefore, it is important to ask people what terms they are comfortable with. There is no "one size fits all" in terms of how people label themselves afterwards and how much they do (or don't) want to discuss the experience or have it be a part of their lives going forward. We see this distinction in the very different approaches the bunker survivors take to moving on with their lives.</li>
</ul>
<ul>
<li><b>Posttraumatic Growth:</b> The term <a href="http://data.psych.udel.edu/abelcher/Shared%20Documents/3%20Psychopathology%20(27)/Tedeschi,%20Calhoun,%202004.pdf" target="_blank">posttraumatic growth</a>, coined by Drs. Tedeschi and Calhoun, refers to the kinds of positive changes individuals experience in their struggles with trauma. These changes can include improved interpersonal relationships, exploring new possibilities for one's life, etc. This show is all about Kimmy's posttraumatic growth! If you look at the <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Unbreakable_Kimmy_Schmidt_episodes" target="_blank">episode guide for the show</a>, each episode explores a new experience for Kimmy (e.g., "Kimmy Gets A Job!" "Kimmy Goes To School!")</li>
</ul>
<br />
<b>What Do You Think?</b><br />
<br />
<ul>
<li>Does the show do an effective job of balancing comedy with real-life challenges for a trauma survivor? (i.e., re-entering the workforce, experiencing PTSD/flashbacks)</li>
<li>Is it possible that some trauma survivor organizations (or individuals) will be offended by the show for its comedic approach to such a serious subject? Why or why not?</li>
<li>How could the show integrate more effective public health messaging for the aftermath of trauma? (e.g., "Kimmy Visits A Therapist!)</li>
</ul>
Anonymoushttp://www.blogger.com/profile/14481454257463612485noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-9210028174067978141.post-43113186826980147542015-01-23T16:19:00.001-05:002015-01-23T16:19:43.368-05:00Should We Trust Similac's "The Mother'Hood"?<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<iframe allowfullscreen='allowfullscreen' webkitallowfullscreen='webkitallowfullscreen' mozallowfullscreen='mozallowfullscreen' width='320' height='266' src='https://www.youtube.com/embed/Me9yrREXOj4?feature=player_embedded' frameborder='0'></iframe></div>
If any of you frequent <a href="http://www.whattoexpect.com/wom/baby/0121/similac-s-latest-ad-campaign-explores-the-realities-of--mommy-wars--in-hilarious-way.aspx" target="_blank">parenting blogs</a>, Facebook groups, or classes, you no doubt saw a link to Similac’s new video “<a href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Me9yrREXOj4" target="_blank">The Mother’Hood</a>”. Trust me- please watch…<br />
<br />
I laughed (and cried) watching this video, because it is right on. My favorite line:<br />
“Drug-free pool birth, dolphin assisted”.<br />
<br />
In my 51 weeks of parenting so far (yes, <a href="http://pop-health.blogspot.com/2014/03/pop-health-guest-posts.html" target="_blank">my little guy</a> will be 1 year old next week!), I have found the following issues to be HOT and often full of judgment in my circle of parenting groups:<br />
<br />
<ul>
<li>Feeding- the early months (breastfeeding vs. formula feeding- or both!)</li>
<li>Feeding- the later months (purees vs. baby led weaning; organic food vs. regular food; how and when you introduced solid food)</li>
<li><a href="http://pop-health.blogspot.com/2012/03/vaccine-war-public-health-vs-media.html" target="_blank">Vaccination</a> </li>
<li>Stay at home vs. parents who work outside the home (and many parents, fall into both camps depending on the day!)</li>
<li>Car seats (how long you stay rear-facing; whether you use them on planes)</li>
<li>Cloth vs. disposable diapers (and other decisions which impact the environment)</li>
<li>Sleep practices (cribs vs. co-sleeping, crib bumpers, sleep training)</li>
<li>The type of childcare you select (day care center, in-home daycare, nanny, au pair) </li>
</ul>
<br />
The list could go on and on….and these are just the hot topics I’ve found in the infant world!<br />
<br />
<div style="text-align: center;">
<b><u>The Mother’Hood Message: Why Does It Help?</u></b></div>
<div style="text-align: center;">
<b><u><br /></u></b></div>
The reality is that new parents can often feel very isolated and judged. This has many public health implications, especially for women at <a href="http://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/postpartum-depression/basics/risk-factors/con-20029130" target="_blank">risk for postpartum depression</a>. So for that reason, I like the primary message of the campaign which is that we should <u>focus on the things that unite us, not divide us</u>. At the end of the video, we read:<br />
<br />
<b>“No matter what our beliefs, we are parents first”.</b><br />
<br />
And although the “cliques” (e.g., the bottle feeding group, the breast feeding group) are meant to show our separations…I also think it can mean that you will find others to spend time with who have a similar approach to parenthood that is compatible with yours. And that is reassuring.<br />
<br />
This video is part of a larger campaign from Similac called “<a href="http://similac.com/sisterhood-of-motherhood" target="_blank">The Sisterhood of Motherhood</a>”. The tag line for the campaign is, “Where moms get encouragement, not judgment”.<br />
<br />
<div style="text-align: center;">
<b><u>Can We Trust This Message From a Formula Company?</u></b></div>
<div style="text-align: center;">
<b><u><br /></u></b></div>
When I watched the video, I thought to myself- “makes sense this comes from Similac, their customers know a thing or two about being judged”. As I have <a href="http://pop-health.blogspot.com/2014/08/olivia-wilde-world-breastfeeding-week.html" target="_blank">previously written</a>, it concerns me that public health has not found an effective way to promote breastfeeding without stigmatizing formula feeding.<br />
<br />
So I was a little surprised to see (in social media and news article comments) that many viewers liked the video until they realized it came from Similac. Some expressed feelings that the message was less genuine since Similac stands to benefit financially when there is less public stigma about formula-feeding. One commenter wrote, “I was all for this, until I found out that it was created by Similac”.<br />
<br />
<b><u>Tell Me What You Think</u></b>:<br />
<br />
<ul>
<li>Does the fact that the video comes from a formula company make the message less meaningful or genuine? </li>
<li>Why or why not?</li>
</ul>
<br />
<div style="text-align: center;">
<b><u>And Can We Trust A Message That Forgot About Dads?</u></b></div>
<div style="text-align: center;">
<b><u><br /></u></b></div>
I was really excited to see Dads in the video! They were baby wearing and caring for their kids- it was great. They were even included in the tag line “No matter what our beliefs, we are parents first”…but in the next screenshot, we find out they were excluded from the campaign overall: “The Sisterhood of Motherhood”.<br />
<br />
Many online commenters focused on this exclusion. Several asked, “Why not call it “The Parent’Hood”.<br />
<br />
In my opinion, this is an unfortunate miss in an otherwise funny, relevant, and moving video. Why include Dads in the video just to exclude them at the end? What about families that have two fathers or a father who serves as the primary caregiver?<br />
<br />
<b><u>Tell Me What You Think</u></b>:<br />
<br />
<ul>
<li>Was the video and overall message ruined for you because fathers were excluded? </li>
<li>Why do you think that the video and campaign developers made that decision? </li>
<li>Do you think they regret it now?</li>
</ul>
Anonymoushttp://www.blogger.com/profile/14481454257463612485noreply@blogger.com1tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-9210028174067978141.post-79296547858106433462015-01-09T18:31:00.000-05:002015-01-09T18:32:43.940-05:00Vaccination is a Work of Art<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjpfzRkfMFYoGanp2irGLkh7G30qI1EuE5tidWco5puqrvuqV_NSYVUaNoR8mNsfwn7U4KApuUSWxA9wZZl4cLgCrDSXQAv_ymz7KK3UsQ63hLeQXY2qjOmUnWlHjujBQwvRfPf72NyKrli/s1600/Vaccines.png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjpfzRkfMFYoGanp2irGLkh7G30qI1EuE5tidWco5puqrvuqV_NSYVUaNoR8mNsfwn7U4KApuUSWxA9wZZl4cLgCrDSXQAv_ymz7KK3UsQ63hLeQXY2qjOmUnWlHjujBQwvRfPf72NyKrli/s1600/Vaccines.png" height="129" width="320" /></a></div>
<div style="text-align: center;">
<u>Image credit</u>: <a href="http://artofsavingalife.com/" target="_blank">http://artofsavingalife.com/</a></div>
<div style="text-align: center;">
<br /></div>
Vaccination is one of the most important issues we work on and champion in public health. This week we’re talking about <a href="http://www.npr.org/blogs/health/2015/01/08/375832981/measles-makes-an-unwelcome-visit-to-disneyland" target="_blank">nine confirmed cases of measles at Disneyland in California</a>. We just had a <a href="http://abcnews.go.com/Health/measles-exposure-kids-touch-museum/story?id=27964909" target="_blank">measles scare locally in Philadelphia at the beloved Please Touch Museum</a>. News that <a href="http://www.cdc.gov/media/releases/2014/p1204-flu-season.html" target="_blank">this year’s flu vaccine is less effective due to a mutated strain</a> has started a public debate about the “worth” of the shot (spoiler alert: you should still get your flu shot!) And internationally, <a href="http://www.upi.com/UPI-Next/2014/12/31/Fighting-polio-in-Pakistan-means-dodging-bullets-accusations-of-spying/31417698564809/" target="_blank">many health workers put their lives at risk every day</a> to deliver vaccines that are so desperately needed.<br />
<br />
Over the years, there have been many attempts to creatively and effectively communicate the value and safety of vaccines to key audiences (parents, health care workers, etc.) For example, efforts have included (1) incorporating themes from popular movies/TV shows (<a href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=b8ZD9RcC8P0&feature=youtu.be" target="_blank">check out this Star Wars PSA from the 1970’s!</a>), (2) <a href="http://pop-health.blogspot.com/2013/11/celebrities-aim-to-silence-sounds-of.html" target="_blank">engaging celebrities as champions</a>, and (3) <a href="http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/nova/body/vaccines-calling-shots.html" target="_blank">creating engaging documentaries</a>. The newest effort comes from the <a href="http://www.gatesfoundation.org/" target="_blank">Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation</a>. Their campaign, “<a href="http://artofsavingalife.com/" target="_blank">The Art of Saving a Life</a>” tells the story of the past success and future promise of immunization using the talents of more than 30 world-renowned photographers, painters, sculptors, writers, filmmakers, and musicians. <a href="http://www.nytimes.com/2015/01/07/arts/design/gates-foundation-uses-art-to-encourage-vaccination.html?partner=rss&emc=rss&smid=tw-nytimes&_r=0" target="_blank">The goal of the campaign</a> is to increase world-wide knowledge about the value of vaccines so that the Foundation (and partners) can build momentum and raise funds in their efforts to reach millions more with these life-saving inoculations.<br />
<br />
A few of my favorite images in the campaign:<br />
<br />
<ul>
<li><a href="http://artofsavingalife.com/artists/vik-muniz/" target="_blank">Flowers- The Beauty of Vaccines</a> by Vik Muniz</li>
<li><a href="http://artofsavingalife.com/artists/sophie-blackall/" target="_blank">Reaching Children Everywhere</a> by Sophie Blackall</li>
<li><a href="http://artofsavingalife.com/artists/gmb-akash/" target="_blank">Crossing the Waterways in Bangladesh</a> by GMB Akash</li>
</ul>
<br />
Campaign developers are hoping that the images will be widely shared and viewed, and inspire dialogue and donations. Since the campaign is targeted towards an international audience, I think primarily using images (vs. writing) will bridge countries, cultures, and literacy levels effectively. You can follow #vaccineswork on social media to participate in the discussion.<br />
<br />
In terms of evaluating this campaign, I am assuming (and hoping) they will track:<br />
<br />
<ul>
<li><u>Activity on social media that uses the campaign hashtag #vaccineswork</u>. *One thing to note is that this hashtag is not unique to this campaign. So their staff may need to sort through what is directly sharing/discussing the campaign vs. general vaccine promoting communication to get a more accurate view of the hashtag’s usage.</li>
</ul>
<ul>
<li><u>How many people go on from their campaign website to visit the sites of partnering organizations</u> listed on the bottom of each page (CDC, PATH, UNICEF, etc.) <u>And how many of those people go on to take action on a partner site </u>(i.e., make a donation, sign a petition, register to volunteer, etc.) </li>
</ul>
<ul>
<li><u>Some type of qualitative feedback on the art pieces themselves</u>. Overall, are these images more effective for communicating with an international audience? Were certain pieces more effective than others? If so, why were they more effective and with what audiences?</li>
</ul>
<br />
<b>Tell me what you think:</b><br />
<br />
<ul>
<li>What images/stories in the campaign do you find most interesting or inspiring?</li>
<li>What other outcomes besides those above should be evaluated?</li>
<li>What other campaigns have effectively used art work to communicate about a public health topic?</li>
</ul>
<br />
<div>
<br /></div>
Anonymoushttp://www.blogger.com/profile/14481454257463612485noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-9210028174067978141.post-85749329063710499112015-01-02T13:39:00.001-05:002015-01-02T13:39:11.998-05:00Searching for Mental Illness on Twitter: Data Jackpot or Ethical Minefield?<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi7gBx2ASENHFgF_3QPbzyohXPypCRXdRlF4tCa3kAapyC6JOKRCGHEpiKV9qftsJw-epKe5yzygujzgkloT1UnjhXyvW8KNwwpIH6TvtuTP561PKJWDwC03FBvZ317_wt_6W0SMuxoukPa/s1600/Twitter_-_What_are_you_doing-.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi7gBx2ASENHFgF_3QPbzyohXPypCRXdRlF4tCa3kAapyC6JOKRCGHEpiKV9qftsJw-epKe5yzygujzgkloT1UnjhXyvW8KNwwpIH6TvtuTP561PKJWDwC03FBvZ317_wt_6W0SMuxoukPa/s1600/Twitter_-_What_are_you_doing-.jpg" height="240" width="320" /></a></div>
Just after Christmas, the New York Times published an article about the “<a href="http://www.nytimes.com/2014/12/27/technology/risks-in-using-social-posts-to-spot-signs-of-distress.html?smid=tw-nytimeshealth&seid=auto&_r=0" target="_blank">Risks in using social media to spot signs of mental distress</a>”. The piece detailed the failed launch of the application <a href="http://www.samaritans.org/radarpress" target="_blank"><i>Samaritans Radar</i></a> developed by the <a href="http://www.samaritans.org/about-us/our-organisation" target="_blank">Samaritans</a>, a well-known suicide prevention organization in Britain. The free app alerted users when someone they follow on Twitter wrote a worrisome post. For example, the app would detect phrases such as “tired of being alone” or “hate myself”. Soon after the launch, <a href="http://www.cnet.com/news/samaritans-radar-depression-app-raises-twitter-privacy-concerns/" target="_blank">concerns were raised about the app</a> identifying and targeting people who were already vulnerable. Several experts in the NY Times article also expressed concern about the app contributing to stigma, discrimination, and inaccurate diagnosis/labeling of people who may or may not actually have a mental illness. The app is currently disabled and the developers are working with partners to evaluate user concerns and test potential adaptations to the app.<br />
<br />
While I agree with pulling the app to address privacy concerns, I was very surprised by the following quote which accompanied the NY Times article:<br />
<br />
“If someone tweets ‘I’m going to kill myself,’ you can’t just jump in,” said Christophe Giraud-Carrier, a computer scientist at Brigham Young University who studies the role of social media in health surveillance. “There are all these psychological factors that come into play that may push someone over the edge.”<br />
<br />
While I acknowledge that there are complex factors in suicide intervention, I worry that this statement discourages intervening online (or developing applications that could facilitate this intervention). A lot of suicide prevention work has focused on training community members (I would argue this includes your online community) to be <b><i>active bystanders</i></b> who intervene when they see someone at risk. For example, <a href="http://www.sprc.org/sites/sprc.org/files/library/SPRC_Gatekeeper_matrix_Jul2013update.pdf" target="_blank">gatekeeper trainings</a> are popular strategies which help participants to develop the knowledge, attitudes, and skills necessary to identify those at-risk for suicide, determine levels of risk, and make referrals when necessary. The National Suicide Prevention Lifeline provides guidance for <a href="http://www.suicidepreventionlifeline.org/gethelp/online.aspx" target="_blank">helping online when someone might be suicidal</a>. They also link to safety teams at each social media site, including <a href="https://support.twitter.com/forms/suicide?was_redirect=true" target="_blank">Twitter</a>.<br />
<br />
From my review of the research and relevant articles, there seems to be an emerging line between using Twitter to gather anonymous, aggregate mental illness data and identifying and intervening with individual users. For example, researchers at Johns Hopkins University have had a very positive response to their research <a href="http://hub.jhu.edu/2014/12/09/twitter-mental-illness-tracking" target="_blank">using Twitter to collect new data on post-traumatic stress disorder, depression, bipolar disorder, and seasonal affective disorder</a>. The scholars emphasize that their findings do not disclose the names of people who publicly tweeted about their disorders. Their goal is to share timely prevalence data with treatment providers and public health officials.<br />
<br />
<b>Tell Me What You Think:</b><br />
<br />
<ul>
<li>Do these two stories represent the boundaries of using Twitter to search for warning signs or symptoms of mental illness? <u>In other words, is using Twitter <u>to gather anonymous data sets the only way to use it </u>ethically and safely? </u></li>
</ul>
<ul>
<li>Or is there a way to overcome the privacy concerns to empower/enable/encourage users to intervene with their fellow users if necessary?</li>
</ul>
Anonymoushttp://www.blogger.com/profile/14481454257463612485noreply@blogger.com1tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-9210028174067978141.post-31226828588613059482014-11-03T22:38:00.002-05:002014-11-03T22:38:40.120-05:00Research Notes: Spotlight on Social Media and Angelina Jolie (Again)<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh2FAtXgR6NFkgPBZVJJRxpku1B5trrmHZQMP66isOZBMPJ_h7S4pJ7YrQln_zAD_XQuVhywGQVWxhj8YVEJ9voBHMmo99rs17EyCKqqPmgb7G8fTwBRXda0EH4lRt9jWa4Dr8hqIErMD4a/s1600/RN+11-3-14.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; display: inline !important; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em; text-align: center;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh2FAtXgR6NFkgPBZVJJRxpku1B5trrmHZQMP66isOZBMPJ_h7S4pJ7YrQln_zAD_XQuVhywGQVWxhj8YVEJ9voBHMmo99rs17EyCKqqPmgb7G8fTwBRXda0EH4lRt9jWa4Dr8hqIErMD4a/s1600/RN+11-3-14.jpg" height="295" width="320" /></a></div>
<br />
<div style="text-align: left;">
Here are the top public health and popular culture stories I'm reading this week:</div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<br /></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<b><u><a href="http://www.nature.com/gim/journal/vaop/ncurrent/full/gim2014141a.html#affil-auth" target="_blank">(1) Celebrity disclosures and information seeking: the case of Angelina Jolie.</a></u></b></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<br /></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
Authors: Robin H. Juthe MPH, Amber Zaharchuk MBA & Catharine Wang PhD, MSc</div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<br /></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
Genetics in Medicine (2014) doi:10.1038/gim.2014.141</div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
Published online October 23, 2014</div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<br /></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
The study found huge spikes in Internet traffic on selected National Cancer Institute (NCI) sites in the immediate aftermath of Angelina’s May 14, 2013 disclosure in the New York Times that she has a BRCA1 mutation and underwent a mastectomy. </div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<br /></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<a href="http://pop-health.blogspot.com/2013/05/angelina-jolies-medical-choice.html" target="_blank">I first wrote about Angelina Jolie</a> in May 2013 when she penned the op-ed. At the time I posed the following question to my readers, "What (other) public health implications could result from Angelina Jolie's disclosure in today's New York Times?" As you can imagine I'm thrilled to see that formal research was conducted to examine various outcomes that followed her writing. In a <a href="http://pop-health.blogspot.com/2013/12/research-notes-angelina-effect.html" target="_blank">December 2013 Research Notes post</a>, I highlighted another research study that surveyed the public to document their understanding, reactions, perceptions, and subsequent health-related actions following the media coverage of Angelina's story.</div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<br /></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<b><a href="http://www.jmir.org/2014/10/e238" target="_blank"><u>(2) Tweeting for and Against Public Health Policy: Response to the Chicago Department of Public Health's Electronic Cigarette Twitter Campaig</u>n.</a></b></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<b><br /></b></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
Authors: Jenine K Harris, PhD; Sarah Moreland-Russell, PhD; Bechara Choucair, MD; Raed Mansour, MS; Mackenzie Staub; Kendall Simmons</div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<br /></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
Journal of Medical Internet Research (JMIR) (2014)</div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
DOI: 10.2196/jmir.3622</div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
Published in Vol 16, No 10, online on October 16, 2014</div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<br /></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
Researchers analyzed a "Twitter Bomb"- more than 600 tweets in one week against the Chicago proposal regarding local regulation of electronic cigarettes. Most against the regulation were from outside the Chicago area, while Twitter users from Chicago were significantly more likely to tweet in support of the policy. About 14 percent of the tweets used an account or included elements consistent with “astroturfing,” a strategy used to promote a false sense of consensus. </div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<br /></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
I highly recommend reading this innovative study, as its methods and findings can help public health organizations to anticipate, recognize, and respond to coordinated social media campaigns.</div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<br /></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<b><u>What are you reading this week?</u></b></div>
<li class="vcard last-author no-comma" style="color: #333333; display: inline; font-family: arial, helvetica, 'MS Pゴシック', 'MS ゴシック', Osaka, 'MS PGothic', sans-serif; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 23.9167499542236px; list-style: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"></li>
Anonymoushttp://www.blogger.com/profile/14481454257463612485noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-9210028174067978141.post-40159668975167111622014-09-10T10:15:00.001-04:002014-09-10T10:15:13.762-04:00Media Reporting about Domestic Violence: What’s Missing?<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgtBWF1-wqNQpkcJzrTKgRH8sd22X1SyZp0ZZriIxgdc5TlR2R_RWBP5UDSvTmqX9X8E01DYe5XkaPEJbiP5UYFXk9GRooN0sVJrPI6Z83jojX-48YlJMl14goU6o6t281rbXVb6HmwU_Ge/s1600/DV.png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgtBWF1-wqNQpkcJzrTKgRH8sd22X1SyZp0ZZriIxgdc5TlR2R_RWBP5UDSvTmqX9X8E01DYe5XkaPEJbiP5UYFXk9GRooN0sVJrPI6Z83jojX-48YlJMl14goU6o6t281rbXVb6HmwU_Ge/s1600/DV.png" height="320" width="320" /></a></div>
<i>Please welcome Elaine J. Alpert, MD, MPH as today's guest writer. Dr. Alpert is an internationally-respected family violence, sexual assault, and human trafficking education, advocacy, and policy expert. She is an independent curriculum design and policy consultant in all forms of violence prevention, teaches at the University of British Columbia School of Medicine, and provides expertise in Human Trafficking as Senior Global Health Fellow at Massachusetts General Hospital’s Division of Global Health and Human Rights. She also serves as a Trustee of the all-volunteer <a href="http://www.stevegliddenfoundation.org/" target="_blank">Steve Glidden Foundation</a>, which provides summer camp scholarships for children who are homeless, refugees, abused, or affected by family or community violence. She can be reached at ealpert@rcn.com. </i><br />
<i><br /></i>
I’ve been watching <a href="http://www.washingtonpost.com/blogs/early-lead/wp/2014/09/08/graphic-new-video-shows-ravens-ray-rice-domestic-violence-incident/" target="_blank">news coverage about Ray Rice’s domestic violence (DV) assault</a> for the past two days now and I have to say that, on balance, I am disappointed.<br />
<br />
As a veteran physician, educator and scholar in the fields of domestic violence, sexual assault and, more recently, human trafficking, I’ve been paying attention over the years both to events (often tragic) as they happen, and to trends in both media expertise and public perception. Here are some observations along with a few words on how I think the media can do better:<br />
<br />
Media attention ideally should:<br />
<br />
<ul>
<li>Tell the viewing, listening, reading, or clicking audience what happened (report the news);</li>
<li>Raise questions that people might not otherwise have considered;</li>
<li>Educate, inform and raise awareness among the general public; and</li>
<li>Motivate people to action (for example, by providing ready resources for those at risk, and by showing those who want to help how to do so).</li>
</ul>
<br />
How good a job do our media really do (in general) when reporting about DV? Typically, for a few days after a high profile DV assault or murder, we see coverage about whatever “event” transpired, along with passionate and generally well-meaning attention paid to DV as a whole. Overall, (and not specific to the Rice case), we tend to see variations of:<br />
<br />
<ul>
<li><u>Shock or disbelief</u> that such a nice guy could have done such a terrible, unanticipated thing, often supported by “evidence” of niceness – he was a pillar of the community, he walked his dog every morning, he brought the paper to the elderly neighbor’s door, he belonged to the neighborhood watch, etc. Often these “nice guy” testimonials come from neighbors or passers-by;</li>
</ul>
<ul>
<li><u>Proclamations</u> that this was either a one-off act of insanity or passion, or at least could not have been predicted – he must suddenly have lost control, perhaps something happened (provoked him) to make him “lose it,” no one saw this coming, etc. These “no-one-saw-this-coming” testimonials are usually from acquaintances, co-workers, or local officials, often accompanied by assurances that the neighborhood itself is “nice,” “quiet,” or “tranquil,” or at least full of hard-working, honest and earnest people. Accompanying footage often shows tree-lined streets and picket fences whenever possible;</li>
</ul>
<ul>
<li><u>A general wringing of hands</u> about difficulty the “victims” (or their children) may encounter moving forward (sometimes accompanied by additional angst about extended family members, pets, or traumatized neighbors). A few even engage in hand-wringing about the future well-being of the perpetrators (think <a href="http://abcnews.go.com/US/steubenville-ohio-teen-returns-football-field-rape-conviction/story?id=24958411" target="_blank">Steubenville</a>). All commentators can participate freely in the wringing-of-hands exercise, including reporters themselves; and</li>
</ul>
<ul>
<li><u>Assurances</u> that whatever tragic event just transpired was the tipping point and things will be better (this will not happen again, police responses will be improved, weapons will be better regulated, social service referrals will be handled more promptly, etc.). Such assurances usually come from local or statewide officials.</li>
</ul>
<br />
And then, almost like clockwork, once the arraignment (or funeral) has passed, and the world turns its attention to the next short-cycle news event, coverage moves to the next ratings-boosting headline.<br />
<br />
Although still early, this pattern is already being replicated in the Ray Rice assault. The current pundits – at least on the news clips I am watching – are predominantly:<br />
<br />
1. NFL or other sports experts/journalists talking about how it's important to figure out who in the league knew what, and when they knew it, while proclaiming how shocked they were when these allegations first arose last winter because Rice was – guess what – a pillar in his community;<br />
<br />
2. Journalists and authors who are either psychologists or other counselors, or who have had personal experiences with DV and have written (and are, at times, quite obviously plugging) books about what "battered women" are “like” or what they “go through,” earnestly trying to explain Janay Rice’s various (and some would argue, stage-managed) "stand by your man" statements;<br />
<br />
3. Legislators who proclaim (sometimes with passion) that DV is bad and VAWA is good; or<br />
<br />
4. Lawyers who wonder why Rice was allowed to enter a "diversionary" program and was not jailed for aggravated assault.<br />
<br />
Some of this commentary can add value to the societal discussion that needs to take place. Clearly, it is necessary, but it is not sufficient.<br />
<br />
<b>What I do NOT see - and what I think really needs to be featured prominently – is reporting that provides</b>:<br />
<br />
1. <u>Commentary from DV experts</u>, including community-based or national experts from DV advocacy organizations, recognized scholars, and those whose expertise is in primary prevention – changing conditions to prevent DV from occurring in the first place. Baltimore (and the DC Metro area) has all of that to offer - and then some.<br />
<br />
2. <u>Resource information</u> for the viewer (or reader) on how to get help or how to get involved to help. This can easily be offered as a “crawler” with the vital information scrolling past at the bottom of the screen on TV or as a sidebar in print or on the internet.<br />
<br />
At least as far as I have seen, very few "pundits" have talked about how to reach out to, and empower, survivors. No one (at least on broadcasts I’ve seen) has told viewers who may be in danger that there are vital community-based services in most localities and how to contact them to get help. Not one has talked about the restorative power of support groups (though lots of pundits have talked about how important it is for the Rices to get one or another kind of therapy for things that may or may not have happened in their own childhoods). Not one has talked about how to engage men and other bystanders as active allies to challenge and change entrenched social norms that tolerate and promote violence. And not one has displayed <a href="http://www.thehotline.org/" target="_blank">the National DV hotline phone number (1-800-799-7233) or website (http://www.thehotline.org/)</a>.<br />
<br />
Many years ago, when print media reigned supreme, the Boston Globe included an inset box with every article about DV. The box included a stylized image of a telephone, words identical or similar to “To Get Help,” and a DV hotline number. This boxed information was normally inserted in the final layout process. During a layout makeover several years ago, this vital information got dropped and, to my knowledge, has not been restored.<br />
<br />
Including “To Get Help” info about DV in print, on TV news, and on web-based news sources is such a no-brainer. Why not include it automatically in news reporting? <br />
<br />
None of this is rocket science – whenever you read about a disaster of any other kind – from Katrina to Sandy to tornadoes – there is ALMOST ALWAYS commentary from experts in the field, accompanied by a box or informational inset that provides information for people who need help or who want to volunteer, contribute or help in some other way. Why is there a different set of rules for DV?<br />
<br />
So we have come a long way I guess, but the media has still not got it quite right – at least not yet.<br />
<br />
Janay – if you read this, your local DV organization is ready to reach out to you without judgment, and with compassion, patience, information, empowerment, and support. If only the TV would tell you the phone number…Anonymoushttp://www.blogger.com/profile/14481454257463612485noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-9210028174067978141.post-21803505919854449012014-09-06T14:42:00.001-04:002014-09-06T14:44:18.963-04:00Can Free Product Giveaways Actually Improve Health? A Guest Post for HealthComUThis week I had the pleasure of contributing a post to the blog <a href="http://www.healthcomu.com/" target="_blank">HealthComU</a>. The site was founded by five health communicators who met during their master's program in health communication at Boston University. The blog explores lots of interesting communication issues from effective advertising to the integration of social media in health communication efforts. This week I pose the question, "<a href="http://www.healthcomu.com/2014/09/05/free-product-giveaways-improve-health/" target="_blank">Can free product giveaways actually improve health</a>?" I would love for my readers to share their perspectives on the piece!Anonymoushttp://www.blogger.com/profile/14481454257463612485noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-9210028174067978141.post-30317359602246458862014-08-13T08:03:00.001-04:002014-08-13T08:10:57.867-04:00Can The #IceBucketChallenge Really Help Cure ALS?<div style="text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhqXc643xZZlluuiCWH5LtyLfPKq_nCjwKxoGaLZb_D9LviKadx8gziypDWSKfbChurNtr-QjQPPtSYiSnRDRXAZMONXT7ncoH3YiuDu5-FXxm5b7DnLTON7ByXYuMCaequGplJ0Z8cuLJB/s1600/Ice+Bucket.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhqXc643xZZlluuiCWH5LtyLfPKq_nCjwKxoGaLZb_D9LviKadx8gziypDWSKfbChurNtr-QjQPPtSYiSnRDRXAZMONXT7ncoH3YiuDu5-FXxm5b7DnLTON7ByXYuMCaequGplJ0Z8cuLJB/s1600/Ice+Bucket.jpg" height="180" width="320" /></a></div>
<div style="text-align: center;">
<i><span style="font-size: x-small;">Picture via <a href="http://www.today.com/news/matt-lauer-follows-through-ice-bucket-challenge-calls-out-brian-1D79925253" target="_blank">Today.com</a></span></i></div>
<br />
<div style="text-align: center;">
<i>*Thank you to Erica Banz, Tim Reinhardt, Christina Reinhardt, Dorothy Sutton, Lauren Sierotowicz, & Kellie Anderson for sharing your insights as </i><i>Ice Bucket Challenge participants and supporters.</i></div>
<div style="text-align: center;">
<i><br /></i></div>
Public health professionals are naturally skeptical. We see tons of health programs and initiatives launched every day. If they lack a logic model, a strategic plan, and strong evidence to show that their activities lead to specific, measurable outcomes, we hesitate to support them. Acknowledging my skepticism, I felt it was important to integrate the perspective of ice bucket challenge participants into this post.<br />
<br />
The #IceBucketChallenge (IBC) that has gone viral on social media in recent weeks is focused on <a href="http://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/amyotrophic-lateral-sclerosis/basics/definition/CON-20024397" target="_blank">Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS)</a>. This disease affects the nervous system, causes muscle weakness and impacts physical function. It is a devastating disease.<br />
<br />
<div style="text-align: center;">
<b><span style="color: #990000;">What Makes Something Go Viral (or not)? </span></b></div>
We public health folks are always trying to figure out what communication strategies will capture attention, be clear/understandable/sustainable, and easy to share on social media. <u>So what I find fascinating is that this same challenge strategy was making the rounds on social media long before it became linked with ALS...but few of us had heard of it</u>. For example, <a href="http://ftw.usatoday.com/2014/06/college-basketball-players-dump-ice-water-on-their-heads-for-charity" target="_blank">in June college basketball programs started the #chillin4charity cold water challenge to benefit the Kay Yow Fund</a>. The change came (<a href="http://www.elle.com/news/culture/ice-bucket-challenge-facebook-pete-frates?src=spr_TWITTER&spr_id=1448_80319560&linkId=9224820" target="_blank">according to Elle Magazine</a>), when Pete Frates took the IBC on July 31st. From then on, the challenge was forever linked with ALS and it caught on like wildfire. Why was the same challenge, same strategy so much more popular for the ALS initiative? Timing? Visible champions for the cause? Marketing?<br />
<br />
I asked my friends about their motivations for participating and their thoughts on what made the challenge so popular. Several had a personal connection to the cause of ALS, so were already engaged. <u>However, almost everyone mentioned that the challenge was funny, driven by the nomination/“nudge”/peer pressure factor, and encouraged community building.</u> Tim compared it to a 5K race. “Inherently, running 3.1 miles has nothing to do with solving a problem or curing a disease, but it is a fun activity to do with other people and it results in money being raised and awareness being raised.”<br />
<br />
<div style="text-align: center;">
<span style="color: #990000;"><b>Is The Ice Bucket Challenge Effective?</b> </span></div>
Along with the glowing articles of support and <a href="http://nymag.com/daily/intelligencer/2014/08/why-celebs-are-dumping-ice-water-on-themselves.html" target="_blank">famous participants</a>, there have been several articles that have strongly criticized the challenge. The concerns are primarily that the challenge’s <a href="http://www.slate.com/blogs/future_tense/2014/08/12/icebucketchallenge_you_don_t_need_an_ice_bucket_to_donate_to_als_research.html" target="_blank">origins/rules are vague</a>, <a href="http://thedailybanter.com/2014/08/ice-bucket-challengers-try-to-remember-why-youre-pouring-ice-on-your-head/" target="_blank">participants do not always know what they are supporting</a>, and <a href="http://www.huffingtonpost.com/ben-kosinski/icebucketchallenge-why-yo_b_5656649.html?ncid=fcbklnkushpmg00000063" target="_blank">accepting the challenge does not necessarily translate into donations or increased resources for ALS</a>.<br />
<br />
<u>For me, there are a few key questions to be answered before we can talk effectiveness</u>:<br />
<br />
<div style="text-align: left;">
<b><u>#1 What are the goals of the ice bucket challenge?</u></b></div>
Clear goals are the only way to evaluate the success of the program. I’ve heard the goal is to “raise awareness” and if you are a regular Pop Health reader, you know this makes me cringe a little. <a href="http://pop-health.blogspot.com/2012/10/today-i-had-pleasure-contributing.html" target="_blank">In my opinion, “raising awareness” is one of the most poorly defined concepts in public health</a>. If you talk to 10 people, you get 10 different answers about what it means. Usually people say it means one or more of the following:<br />
<br />
<ul>
<li>Knowing that a disease exists (symptoms, causes, treatments, etc.)</li>
<li>Getting people to talk about the disease with others</li>
<li>Getting people screened for the disease</li>
<li>Getting people to donate money for the disease (for treatment, research, etc.)</li>
</ul>
<br />
As you can imagine, with a wide variety of definitions, “raising awareness” can be very hard to measure. Each of the goals above would be measured and evaluated in a completely different way.<br />
<br />
<div style="text-align: left;">
<b><u>#2 Are participants sticking to the rules of the challenge?</u></b></div>
From my research, the rules of the IBC are:<br />
<br />
<ul>
<li>You receive the challenge from someone else and have 24 hours to accept</li>
<li>Accepting includes filling a bucket with ice and cold water, dumping it over your head, calling out the cause you're supporting and challenging friends to continue the message, and of course, posting video proof to social media</li>
<li>Declining includes donating $100 to an ALS association of your choice (or whatever charity has been named)</li>
</ul>
<br />
In preparation for this post, I watched a bunch of friends’ videos. While all very funny, I can certainly say I have some concerns about program fidelity (i.e., how closely a program was implemented as intended). Kellie voiced the same concerns, “I think the donation piece of it has gotten lost through the various iterations.” If the challenge morphs over time (like a game of “telephone”), it can be very difficult to evaluate. In other words, if goals are not achieved, is that because the challenge is just a bad idea? Or is it because half the required elements were missing from participants’ videos?<br />
<br />
<b><u>#3 What outcomes are being measured?</u></b><br />
While there have been some negative reactions to the challenge, <a href="http://boston.cbslocal.com/2014/08/08/ice-bucket-challenge-leads-to-major-surge-in-donations-to-als-association/" target="_blank">there is no denying that donations are up</a>. It may be hard to evaluate the true scope of donation increases because people are donating to many different ALS charities. Hopefully these charities are communicating and finding a way to aggregate and report on their donations post-IBC as a whole. My colleague Christine Keeves points out that only time will tell if participants evolve from one-time donors to long-term engaged donors/activists.<br />
<br />
In the <a href="http://www.elle.com/news/culture/ice-bucket-challenge-facebook-pete-frates?src=spr_TWITTER&spr_id=1448_80319560&linkId=9224820" target="_blank">Elle article</a>, Pete’s wife Julie says that the goal for the challenge is to help people understand what ALS is. “...even if they just see the ice bucket challenge and Google, 'What is ALS?' that’s a success, because that’s really all we can ask for." <u>I certainly hope someone is evaluating this because it is easily measurable</u>! Other studies of similar activities (e.g., autism awareness month) have <a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24915931" target="_blank">shown a boost in Google searches</a>.<br />
<br />
It is unclear what is next for the challenge. Christina wonders “how and when it will fade out, and whether people will continue to donate down the line.”<br />
<br />
<b>I want to hear from Pop Health readers (both IBC accepters and decliners):</b><br />
<br />
<ul>
<li>Why did you accept or decline the challenge?</li>
<li>What do you think made the challenge go viral for ALS specifically?</li>
<li>Will the challenge be successful? Why or why not?</li>
<li>If you were the program evaluator, what other kinds of outcomes would you want to measure?</li>
</ul>
Anonymoushttp://www.blogger.com/profile/14481454257463612485noreply@blogger.com1tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-9210028174067978141.post-22224458034925394042014-08-07T11:26:00.002-04:002014-08-07T11:26:37.031-04:00Olivia Wilde, World Breastfeeding Week, Infant Formula, and A Critique of the Language We Use to Talk About It<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="float: left; margin-right: 1em; text-align: left;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhrMYMWEVPJKMTfy5d1cUza9OSa1Sw5qRBmvr3CTB_e2Ssx0gkq-iXn9UK-jp7E8r86tLxXV9H6TLW1fC_Wi_K-V79jCDbOWXIG4R8X4Yzy1uvmN6H4i8_AKelg4jk9mnv8f8cSYjt1sC5J/s1600/TJ+Bottle.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhrMYMWEVPJKMTfy5d1cUza9OSa1Sw5qRBmvr3CTB_e2Ssx0gkq-iXn9UK-jp7E8r86tLxXV9H6TLW1fC_Wi_K-V79jCDbOWXIG4R8X4Yzy1uvmN6H4i8_AKelg4jk9mnv8f8cSYjt1sC5J/s1600/TJ+Bottle.jpg" height="320" width="240" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><b>My son taking a bottle of formula in the NICU (February 2014)</b></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
When my baby boy arrived, he weighed 4 pounds, 13 ounces. He entered the world 8 weeks early and spent 29 days in the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (NICU). When your baby is in the NICU, there is enormous pressure to breastfeed. The nurses rolled a hospital grade pump to my bed side just hours after delivery and minutes after my first visit to my baby’s incubator in the NICU. “Breast milk is like medicine for preemies”, I was told. Every day I pumped around the clock and delivered milk to the NICU in the insulated bags they provided…like I was packing his lunch for school. Every milliliter was carefully inventoried and measured by the NICU nurses. I always knew from the looks on their faces if I had made enough to feed him for the day. <u>Like I said- enormous pressure</u>. Things were going okay until about 10 days after delivery. I developed <a href="http://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/mastitis/basics/definition/con-20026633" target="_blank">mastitis</a> on the right breast. For those unfamiliar, mastitis is an infection of the breast tissue. I had pain, high fever, and chills. After two antibiotics it resolved. Then I developed a second mastitis infection on the other side. The pain was excruciating. The infections did a number on my body, my sleep, and my milk production (and yes we worked with lactation consultants and did all sorts of tricks to try and increase production). My husband and I made the decision to switch my son to formula at 3 weeks old. We did it for his health, my health, and my ability to care for him when he was discharged. I can easily say it was the best decision we could have made. My sweet boy absolutely thrived on his special preemie formula. He tolerated it very well, grew, and got stronger. <b>We are incredibly grateful for formula. To us, it is an amazing public health innovation. It feeds our baby when I cannot.</b><br />
<br />
<u>So it is through the lens of both a (proud) formula feeding mom and public health practitioner, that I examine the current public health campaigns focused on birth and infant feeding.</u> A recurring theme for me is concern about the <b>language</b> being used in these campaigns. Somehow public health has not found an effective way to promote breastfeeding without stigmatizing formula feeding.<br />
<br />
For example:<br />
<br />
<ul>
<li>All birthing hospitals in Philadelphia have officially <a href="http://articles.philly.com/2014-08-02/news/52332150_1_breast-feeding-rate-new-mothers-marsha-walker" target="_blank">discontinued the practice of giving free formula to new mothers</a>. While I understand that this strategy is <a href="http://www.citizen.org/supporting-studies-on-infant-formula-marketing" target="_blank">supported by evidence</a>, it is part of a larger international initiative to make hospitals “<a href="http://www.who.int/nutrition/publications/infantfeeding/bfhi_trainingcourse/en/" target="_blank">Baby Friendly</a>”. So using that logic, providing formula is “unfriendly” to babies? This message was reinforced by Nurse McGinn who was interviewed for the philly.com story. She reports that she “was given free formula and threw it out”. <b>Quotes like these reinforce the message that feeding with formula is equivalent to giving your kid poison.</b> </li>
</ul>
<ul>
<li>A friend sent me a <a href="http://www.huffingtonpost.com/seleni-institute/supporting-formulafeeding-moms_b_5642315.html" target="_blank">link to a wonderful story about supporting formula feeding moms during World Breastfeeding Week</a>. This article does a great job of examining the language being used in this campaign. The terms connect breastfeeding with “winning” and achieving “goals”. So the flip side is “losing” and “falling short of your goals”? This can be a rough reminder for formula feeding moms. For many women, the switch to formula was made after extreme pain, guilt, and feelings of failure. </li>
</ul>
<br />
<b><u>Recommendation:</u> When thinking about health communication, I’m a big fan of testing out campaign terms, <u>along with their antonyms</u>. This can help you to anticipate unintended consequences of your messages.</b><br />
<br />
For example, a public health colleague tweeted that we should use the language “breastfeeding is normal” instead of “breast is best”. Although it was not her intention, I read that as meaning that anything other than breastfeeding is abnormal. So formula feeding is abnormal?! Not a great message to send to women.<br />
<br />
However, this kind of message is often communicated. In the <a href="http://www.huffingtonpost.com/2014/08/05/olivia-wilde-breastfeeds-glamour_n_5650596.html" target="_blank">Olivia Wilde photo spread for Glamour Magazine which includes a photo of her feeding her son</a>, she says “Breastfeeding is the most natural thing…” I guess it is, unless it did not work for you and your baby. Then it feels pretty unnatural.<br />
<br />
<b><u>So I ask readers</u>: </b><br />
<br />
(1) While these breastfeeding and baby friendly campaigns have well-intentioned public health goals (which I support):<br />
<br />
<ul>
<li>What are the unintended consequences of their language and communication choices? </li>
<li>Do they help reinforce the divide between formula feeding and breastfeeding mothers?</li>
<li>What about the women who both formula and breastfeed? Where do they fit in?</li>
</ul>
<br />
(2) What are your suggestions for more effective language? How can we simultaneously promote breastfeeding without stigmatizing formula feeding?Anonymoushttp://www.blogger.com/profile/14481454257463612485noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-9210028174067978141.post-16879133898158865472014-07-13T21:55:00.001-04:002014-07-13T21:55:47.759-04:00In Honor of The World Cup: My Favorite Public Health Themed "Things Tim Howard Could Save"<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">
As the World Cup came to a close this afternoon, I had fun revisiting my favorite <b>#ThingsTimHowardCouldSave</b>. For those of you that missed this <a href="http://mashable.com/2014/07/02/things-tim-howard-could-save-meme/" target="_blank">fun Twitter hashtag</a>: Back on July 1st, the United States Men's National Soccer Team played Belgium in the World Cup. Although the US lost the match, its goal keeper Tim Howard was amazing with 16 saves. His performance inspired an outpouring of memes that speculated on things that Tim Howard could save around the world. </div>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">
<br /></div>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">
Since I am fascinated by strategies for using popular culture to engage people in public health, I was happy to see my colleagues join in and use Tim Howard to draw attention to:</div>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">
<br /></div>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">
<b>(1) Substance Abuse</b></div>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">
<br /></div>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjiV4CgyRIKj8vxNg8lcmPOXWniveYgBTjraCC3tYzdf7HHdqRbejPCXyB-OOwfY0pHxcnRUAInqrGRa3Mkj2ImiGLX7f2GkvYN8KQuY85__KSo-Ni9zXrHe8lf4SrHsbUg8LqHfvnlv1t8/s1600/TH1.png" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjiV4CgyRIKj8vxNg8lcmPOXWniveYgBTjraCC3tYzdf7HHdqRbejPCXyB-OOwfY0pHxcnRUAInqrGRa3Mkj2ImiGLX7f2GkvYN8KQuY85__KSo-Ni9zXrHe8lf4SrHsbUg8LqHfvnlv1t8/s1600/TH1.png" /></a></div>
<br />
<br />
<b>(2) Global Vaccines & Immunization</b><br />
<br />
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhz_NsQ79GtP2H6knuEAxe58T_dluH72kBZf2_jZyQjTgoBB36O8ECzxfOth_HaHbkvcT2Ll8s3cF1E5DKDMaM5EGG4OZrJT0KwyloNiUEj0pvRtDFuLP6zBbTBAAylCFKakt7CeGm5MMpt/s1600/TH2.png" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhz_NsQ79GtP2H6knuEAxe58T_dluH72kBZf2_jZyQjTgoBB36O8ECzxfOth_HaHbkvcT2Ll8s3cF1E5DKDMaM5EGG4OZrJT0KwyloNiUEj0pvRtDFuLP6zBbTBAAylCFKakt7CeGm5MMpt/s1600/TH2.png" /></a></div>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">
<b>(3) Infectious Diseases and Various Disasters</b> </div>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgYj_ZmV-WdLWDeVf-CWDpwgxNFBdEDUNijhOSgF_hoIUvoEnFl2LMcRe2WAX8_vcoYlg0Rm7LKEQ9cqqvlHYWA4i-VUunuzy4nfsU0zGxBe5uqlCepIDDN9FPv6ZNAh62SvimV1CTWWmbr/s1600/TH3.png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgYj_ZmV-WdLWDeVf-CWDpwgxNFBdEDUNijhOSgF_hoIUvoEnFl2LMcRe2WAX8_vcoYlg0Rm7LKEQ9cqqvlHYWA4i-VUunuzy4nfsU0zGxBe5uqlCepIDDN9FPv6ZNAh62SvimV1CTWWmbr/s1600/TH3.png" /></a></div>
<br />
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgTULAib75DtGtd7U3INwSgR1TR-HOw6OOHwTMHjB7fX085u_Jvqunmj0a2zEJxX8cXa4kDJ9yQsCcGVNE2HoQWlgVTwag9Z5oJh8OP-qAXFVoj3UPVPtDjQ98GMrVM31cJpvXQkktdSH2a/s1600/TH4.png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgTULAib75DtGtd7U3INwSgR1TR-HOw6OOHwTMHjB7fX085u_Jvqunmj0a2zEJxX8cXa4kDJ9yQsCcGVNE2HoQWlgVTwag9Z5oJh8OP-qAXFVoj3UPVPtDjQ98GMrVM31cJpvXQkktdSH2a/s1600/TH4.png" height="400" width="354" /></a></div>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<br /></div>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">
<a href="http://pop-health.blogspot.com/2013/07/royalbaby-offers-public-health-unique.html" target="_blank">This isn't the first time</a> that I've written about public health agencies aligning with a trending topic in order to engage a new or broader audience. <b>What do you think?</b></div>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">
</div>
<ul>
<li>Is this an effective way to engage a larger audience?</li>
<li>How should public health agencies evaluate such efforts? What metrics are important?</li>
<li>Should agencies dedicate staff (on an ongoing basis) to monitoring such popular culture trends in order to develop timely social media content? Why or why not?</li>
<li>Please share other examples of Tim Howard/Public Health tweets that I may have missed!</li>
</ul>
Anonymoushttp://www.blogger.com/profile/14481454257463612485noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-9210028174067978141.post-25805493502185469292014-06-23T10:40:00.000-04:002014-06-23T10:40:31.683-04:00The Value of Social Media for Public Health Professionals- A New Article!My regular readers know that I am a huge fan of social media. I think it has so much to offer the field of public health. I have regularly posted about how platforms like <a href="http://pop-health.blogspot.com/2013/03/using-twitter-to-track-disease-weighing.html" target="_blank">Twitter</a>, <a href="http://pop-health.blogspot.com/2012/05/facebook-adds-organ-donation-to.html" target="_blank">Facebook</a>, <a href="http://pop-health.blogspot.com/2013/06/instagram-it-using-instagram-for-public.html" target="_blank">Instagram</a>, and <a href="http://pop-health.blogspot.com/2013/06/how-and-why-should-we-pin-public-health.html" target="_blank">Pinterest</a> can be used to support public health activities like <a href="http://pop-health.blogspot.com/2012/11/a-superstorm-of-social-media.html" target="_blank">emergency response</a> and <a href="http://pop-health.blogspot.com/2013/07/royalbaby-offers-public-health-unique.html" target="_blank">health advocacy</a>.<br />
<br />
In addition to its benefit to the field, I believe social media also benefits the individual public health practitioners who use it. I have recently <a href="http://hpp.sagepub.com/content/15/4/471" target="_blank">written an article</a> for the journal <a href="http://hpp.sagepub.com/" target="_blank">Health Promotion Practice</a> which outlines the value of social media for public health career development. I hope you will check it out, share with colleagues, and keep the discussion going!Anonymoushttp://www.blogger.com/profile/14481454257463612485noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-9210028174067978141.post-29664345594770344162014-06-09T10:39:00.000-04:002014-06-09T10:40:32.059-04:00Apparently the Miss USA Pageant Rewards Victim BlamingDuring last night’s Miss USA pageant, <a href="http://www.eonline.com/news/549264/miss-usa-2014-final-questions-on-topics-ranging-from-selfies-to-pow-bowe-bergdahl-s-release-who-had-the-right-answer" target="_blank">the top six contestants were each asked a different question</a> about an important cultural or political issue.<br />
<br />
For Miss Nevada, Nia Sanchez, Judge Rumer Willis asked a question about sexual assault on college campuses. She asked why Nia thought such crimes have been "swept under the rug for so long" and what colleges can do to combat that. Here is the response from Sanchez:<br />
<br />
<i>"I believe that some colleges may potentially be afraid of having a bad reputation and that would be a reason it could be swept under the rug, because they don't want that to come out into the public. But I think more awareness is very important so women can learn how to protect themselves. Myself, as a fourth-degree black belt, I learned from a young age that you need to be confident and be able to defend yourself. And I think that's something that we should start to really implement for a lot of women."</i><br />
<br />
The reason this response is so cringe worthy is that it completely puts the responsibility on women to prevent rape. In other words: If women are confident, learn self-defense, and fight back- rape will be prevented. On the flip side: If they DON’T fight back, somehow it is their fault that the assault occurred. This is a terrible message and one that goes against everything we know about effective prevention.<br />
<br />
<a href="http://pop-health.blogspot.com/2014/05/1-is-2-many-can-celebrity-psa-help-men.html" target="_blank">Last month I wrote</a> about the White House’s new report <a href="http://www.whitehouse.gov/sites/default/files/docs/report_0.pdf" target="_blank">“Not Alone”</a> and <a href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xLdElcv5qqc" target="_blank">PSA</a> which focuses on protecting students from sexual assault. They both highlight important strategies for preventing assaults which include:<br />
<br />
<ul>
<li>Identifying evidence-based strategies for preventing sexual violence</li>
<li>Developing and evaluating new prevention strategies</li>
<li>Getting everyone to step in (also known as bystander interventions). Everyone is asked to speak out against rape myths and intervene if someone is at risk of being assaulted.</li>
<li>Enlisting men as allies</li>
</ul>
<br />
Effective strategies focus on making change at the system-level. They focus on changing a culture (campus or beyond) that accepts sexual violence. They fight against rape myths that include: “she was assaulted because she didn’t fight back”. Unfortunately, the Miss USA pageant provided a huge stage (literally and figuratively) for that myth to be perpetuated. And Nia Sanchez was greatly rewarded for promoting this victim blaming myth- she was crowned Miss USA.Anonymoushttp://www.blogger.com/profile/14481454257463612485noreply@blogger.com8tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-9210028174067978141.post-74352247126218648072014-06-02T20:49:00.000-04:002014-06-02T20:49:53.768-04:00"Return to Zero"- A Movie Review<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjrM4QUPSkAfAWA6g_PyTS-meoHI6SvTsKt7pfRZYM_fOE6ekv2XBBbmQ23M8uDbQJy5ZB0kv54D2kK5Weiqcw1YH80x6tVk_Pj_gh-ARSeiuZgRDuzxvnQf9fVBEhQmUwQJUsn9pPGsJr4/s1600/R20.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjrM4QUPSkAfAWA6g_PyTS-meoHI6SvTsKt7pfRZYM_fOE6ekv2XBBbmQ23M8uDbQJy5ZB0kv54D2kK5Weiqcw1YH80x6tVk_Pj_gh-ARSeiuZgRDuzxvnQf9fVBEhQmUwQJUsn9pPGsJr4/s1600/R20.jpg" height="320" width="320" /></a></div>
Having recently gone through a pregnancy, I debated about watching “<a href="http://returntozerothemovie.com/blog/" target="_blank">Return to Zero</a>”. My little boy was born in January 2014. He was 8 weeks premature and spent a month in the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit. While he is happy and healthy now, there were some scary moments before and after his arrival. I was worried that the movie would be a little too stressful, too soon. But I am incredibly glad that I decided to watch. It premiered on Lifetime TV on May 17, 2014.<br />
<br />
The movie begins with Maggie and Aaron Royal in the home stretch of their first pregnancy. Then a few weeks before their due date, they find out that their baby boy is stillborn. A <a href="http://www.marchofdimes.com/loss/stillbirth.aspx" target="_blank">stillbirth</a> is a fetal death occurring after 20 weeks of pregnancy. I assume most viewers were like me- crying along with the Royals as they had to make quick decisions about how the baby would be delivered, if they would like to take pictures, and if the baby would be buried or cremated. The movie then follows the Royals in the months that follow as they grieve, try to hold onto their marriage, re-enter the work force, and (unexpectedly) begin a second pregnancy.<br />
<br />
While the movie focuses on an individual family (<a href="http://www.tvguide.com/News/Lifetime-Return-Zero-1081688.aspx" target="_blank">based on the true story lived by the director Sean Hanish</a>), there are many public health implications we should be talking about:<br />
<br />
<ul>
<li><b><u>Public Knowledge and Language</u></b>: Several times in the film Maggie makes the distinction that a stillbirth is not the same as a <a href="http://www.marchofdimes.com/loss/miscarriage.aspx" target="_blank">miscarriage</a>. Does the public know the difference? From Maggie’s reaction, it is clear that the comparison can be quite offensive to the parents of stillborn children. These deaths happen much later when the babies are often viable. They are (in many cases) full-term. The mothers have felt the babies moving and are visibly “showing” in their pregnancy. They do not have the option of dealing with their loss privately.</li>
<ul>
<li>However, I will note that many who have suffered a miscarriage will relate to the emotions that Maggie and Aaron experience. In revealing her own miscarriage Maggie’s mother tells her, “It’s still a loss Maggie. And it still hurts. It’s not just the loss of a baby, it’s the loss of a possibility of what might have been- and that is exactly the same.” Perhaps there is a way for the stillbirth and miscarriage communities to support each other while still making this important distinction in language and definition?</li>
</ul>
</ul>
<ul>
<li><b><u>Stigma</u></b>: Wow! Did I cringe watching some of Maggie’s friends and family members interact with her after the loss of her baby! Some people just walked away to avoid her, others pushed their religious views on her (“this was God’s will, etc). She made people uncomfortable because they did not know what to say or how to help her. This is fascinating considering the prevalence statistics on stillbirth (various sources showing it occurs between 1 in 160 and 1 in 200 pregnancies)- it is not that uncommon! I think that the movie does a great job of pointing this out. This happens to people. We need to learn how to talk about it and support our friends and family.</li>
</ul>
<ul>
<li><b><u>Training for Providers</u></b>: After learning their son has died, Maggie and Aaron have a conversation with their doctor and a social worker about their plans for their son. They are clearly in shock. As the social worker asks if they have thought about burial or cremation for their son, Aaron asks in frustration and disbelief, “Should we have thought about it?” How do medical, nursing, and social work programs/training prepare providers to have this conversation? Do providers know how to have it in a way that respects the family without further traumatizing them (or the providers themselves)?</li>
</ul>
<ul>
<li><b><u>Support for Providers</u></b>: In probably the most incredible scene of the movie, we see Maggie deliver her stillborn son. And one thing I kept thinking was- what kind of support is in place to help the medical providers in this situation? Maggie and Aaron had a labor and delivery nurse and doctor with them- how much does this weigh on those providers? They deal with not just stillbirth, but other difficult situations (preterm births, maternal complications, etc.)- I hope that they are given coping skills and the option of speaking with a social worker or other support at the hospital if needed. I would imagine that dealing with this type of case would be incredibly mentally and physically taxing for a provider.</li>
</ul>
<br />
While the subject matter is incredibly difficult, the film is exquisite. Minnie Driver is amazing. And although you are grieving with the characters, you also leave hopeful.<br />
<br />
<b>What did others think? Leave me a comment- I would love to hear your thoughts!</b>Anonymoushttp://www.blogger.com/profile/14481454257463612485noreply@blogger.com4tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-9210028174067978141.post-24480448028520368002014-05-08T17:14:00.001-04:002014-05-08T17:17:35.336-04:001 is 2 Many: Can a Celebrity PSA Help Men to Stop Sexual Assault?<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiizDO4SpxLye4HrxX7sELa5sSR4mvwu_ZYm9zxoG6sRXwvjgVXnI5jIkWsWbINPE8kM6ouaTCL7mEApSAwdcUZRDZvoyH7f1cSiQ1BBogMc_nadwLb-qmtks_HRRg-gd1pbCsm28RJt24C/s1600/1is2manyimage.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiizDO4SpxLye4HrxX7sELa5sSR4mvwu_ZYm9zxoG6sRXwvjgVXnI5jIkWsWbINPE8kM6ouaTCL7mEApSAwdcUZRDZvoyH7f1cSiQ1BBogMc_nadwLb-qmtks_HRRg-gd1pbCsm28RJt24C/s1600/1is2manyimage.jpg" height="82" width="320" /></a></div>
<br />
Last week The White House released, <a href="http://www.whitehouse.gov/sites/default/files/docs/report_0.pdf" target="_blank"><b>“Not Alone”</b></a>, the first report of a task force on protecting students from sexual assault. To accompany the report, they also produced a <a href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xLdElcv5qqc" target="_blank">public service announcement</a> featuring several well-known celebrity men: Dule Hill, Benicio Del Toro, Seth Meyers, Daniel Craig, and Steve Carell. Vice President Biden and President Obama appear in the PSA as well.<br />
<br />
There were a lot of good things about the video. In 60 seconds, it answered these key questions:<br />
<br />
<ul>
<li><b>What is the problem?</b> Sexual assault.</li>
<li><b>Where is it happening?</b> Everywhere- on college campuses, at bars, at parties, even in high schools.</li>
<li><b>Who are the victims/survivors?</b> Our sisters, our daughters, our wives, our friends.</li>
<li><b>Where can I find more information?</b> <a href="http://www.whitehouse.gov/1is2many" target="_blank">http://www.whitehouse.gov/1is2many</a> </li>
<li><b>How can I help?</b> Intervene.</li>
</ul>
<br />
The PSA encouraged viewers to intervene if they find themselves as a bystander. This is important because bystander interventions are promising, <a href="https://www.notalone.gov/assets/evidence-based-strategies-for-the-prevention-of-sv-perpetration.pdf" target="_blank">evidence-based strategies</a> for preventing sexual assault.<br />
The celebrities outline several key actions that bystanders can take to help the victims/survivors and combat stigma of sexual assault:<br />
<br />
<ul>
<li><b>VP Biden:</b> “If I saw it happening, I was taught you have to do something about it”.</li>
<li><b>Benicio Del Toro:</b> “If I saw it happening, I speak up”.</li>
<li><b>Daniel Craig:</b> “If I saw it happening, I’d never blame her, I’d help her”.</li>
</ul>
<br />
While I liked the PSA for all the reasons above…there were also a few things I found <i>interesting</i> and would have loved to be a fly on the wall during the video development:<br />
<br />
<ul>
<li><b>Celebrity selection:</b> They did a nice job recruiting some diversity in terms of the men’s racial/ethnic backgrounds and their fans/audiences. Meyers and Carell are primarily comedians, Del Toro and Craig have starred in more drama/action movies, and Hill has done both (I’m a huge fan of his from both “West Wing” and “Psych”). The PSA did not list their names to identify them, so I did wonder- “Would every viewer recognize all these actors?- How does that affect the video’s impact?” I also wondered about Del Toro and Craig’s inclusion because they have starred in some incredibly violent movies (e.g., “Traffic” and the James Bond series, respectively). Of course this doesn’t mean they are violent in real life, but how do these movies contribute to violence being accepted in our society?</li>
</ul>
<ul>
<li><b>The audience:</b> While we can assume that the intended PSA audience is men (based on language in the “Not Alone” report, their recruiting of all male speakers and their description of victims/survivors- “our sisters, our daughters, etc.”), they never actually say they are speaking to men. They say things like, “we have to stop it”; “we need your help”. Since the intervention strategies can be applicable to anyone regardless of gender, I wonder if they purposely did not use the word “men” to engage a broader audience? </li>
</ul>
<ul>
<li><b>Male victims/survivors:</b> Although the website and report note that men comprise a small number of victims and are no less important, they do not make an appearance in the PSA. This huge national initiative has an opportunity to be inclusive and I worry this exclusion could further stigmatize male victims.</li>
</ul>
<br />
<b><u>What do you think</u>?</b><br />
<br />
<ul>
<li>Do you think the celebrity PSA can help stop sexual assault? Why or why not?</li>
<li>Do you think the video producers clearly defined and spoke to their audience? Why or why not?</li>
<li>If you read the “Not Alone” report: what do you think about the initial action steps (e.g., launching a sexual assault climate survey for campuses)? Will these steps lead to effective prevention and response?</li>
</ul>
<br />
<div>
<br /></div>
Anonymoushttp://www.blogger.com/profile/14481454257463612485noreply@blogger.com1tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-9210028174067978141.post-50029306918469472202014-03-23T19:05:00.001-04:002014-03-23T19:08:49.240-04:00#YourMomCares: But Is That Enough To Get You Enrolled For Health Insurance?<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgO2DtvhJ8dDmlDREakkpHkwmtS7YD3l1JymKXq3qDemzuH3EDT44t4quDBrHWNkw66Z8TDuZRTcDUrVaWhEfLUl9KE26ass5OHggQI1em-B4RnLZaeEqhigO5sCU6N-EW7QWbr0LxeFimK/s1600/_YourMomCares__Jonah_Hill__Adam_Levine__Jennifer_Lopez_and_A_poster.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgO2DtvhJ8dDmlDREakkpHkwmtS7YD3l1JymKXq3qDemzuH3EDT44t4quDBrHWNkw66Z8TDuZRTcDUrVaWhEfLUl9KE26ass5OHggQI1em-B4RnLZaeEqhigO5sCU6N-EW7QWbr0LxeFimK/s1600/_YourMomCares__Jonah_Hill__Adam_Levine__Jennifer_Lopez_and_A_poster.jpg" height="225" width="400" /></a></div>
This week I saved a tweet that read "Celebrity mothers encourage young people to #getcovered." I thought "celebrity mothers" would be familiar faces- celebrities that have children (e.g., Jennifer Garner, Reese Witherspoon). So I was a little surprised when I <a href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=OPMsZYyesRE&sns=tw" target="_blank">clicked on the video</a> and didn't recognize the faces. It turns out that the video features <i>mothers of celebrities</i>- specifically the mothers of Jonah Hill, Adam Levine, Alicia Keys, and Jennifer Lopez. I started out a bit skeptical, feeling like the "celebrity mothers" terms used to market the video could be misleading.<br />
<br />
However after viewing <a href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=OPMsZYyesRE&sns=tw" target="_blank">the video</a> several times, I think it has some <b><u>positive characteristics</u></b> to support the public health efforts to enroll people in a health insurance plan:<br />
<br />
<b><u>(1) Clear Audience</u>:</b> This video is targeted towards any "kid" over 18 years old. Alicia Keys' mom says, "There is nothing worse for a mom than feeling that her child is not protected- no matter how old they are."<br />
<br />
<b><u>(2) Clear Focus on Qualities that Audience Members Value</u>:</b> No one wants to worry their parents or make them upset. And certainly no one wants their parents to nag them over and over about something. We value making our parents proud and happy. Jonah Hill's mom says, "Taking care of yourself, so your mothers can sleep and have a nice life after all they've done for you, is not too much to ask in my opinion. [If you enroll] We will be so happy and so grateful and we wouldn't ask you to friend us on social media!"<br />
<br />
<b><u>(3) Humor/Engagement</u>: </b> As a viewer, I could immediately relate to these moms. They reminded me of people in my family! They were funny, they told silly anecdotes about their celebrity kids (e.g., Jonah Hill once flooded the elementary school). Their concern about the safety of their children made you immediately think of your own parents and how much they worry about you when you are sick, hurt, or unprotected. These moms did a great job of engaging the audience in a short period of time.<br />
<br />
<b><u>(4) Clear Call to Action</u>:</b> To me, this is the #1 most important quality in a public health video (and usually my #1 critique). <u>In this video, it was clear what they wanted the viewer to do: get covered, get enrolled for health insurance, and the resource to do so (Healthcare.gov) was stated both verbally and visually</u>. First Lady Michelle Obama tells viewers "Go to Healthcare.gov and enroll today." The final screen includes the website, social media hashtag for more information/discussion (#YourMomCares), and the enrollment deadline (March 31st). The viewer has all the key information needed to take action.<br />
<br />
That said- I had a few other observations regarding the video and possible improvements:<br />
<br />
<b><u>(1) Does disabling the comment section on the YouTube video discourage conversation about the video and/or the #GetCovered initiative</u>?</b> Of course the comment section is not always productive (e.g., spammers, abusive comments, etc)- but I wonder about the message sent by a disabled comment section?<br />
<br />
<b><u>(2) Is the video too long or does it wait too long to hit the topic</u>?</b> The video runs 1 minute, 51 seconds but health insurance is not mentioned until 50 seconds into the video. Jonah Hill's mom transitions into the topic by saying, "One thing we should never have to put up with is our kid not having health care." Could they lose viewers by not getting to the point sooner? Or was that first 50 seconds necessary to engage viewers?<br />
<br />
<b><u>(3) Does the solo focus on "Moms" vs. parents or other guardians limit the audience- or worse alienate any audience members</u>?</b> I ask because the ad made me think of the recent #ThankYouMom campaign from Proctor & Gamble that ran during the Olympics. Families are changing and it is no longer (or was it ever??) just moms taking care of children, or worrying about their children, or focusing on domestic responsibilities. <a href="http://www.huffingtonpost.com/rachel-leventhalweiner/dear-proctor-and-gamble-where-are-all-the-dads_b_4849621.html" target="_blank">There was frustration with #ThankYouMom</a> and I think we should keep that in mind when these types of campaigns are designed.<br />
<br />
<b>What Do You Think? </b><br />
<b>I would love to hear feedback on these questions from my readers!</b>:Anonymoushttp://www.blogger.com/profile/14481454257463612485noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-9210028174067978141.post-49593807599016235082014-03-03T15:33:00.001-05:002014-03-03T15:33:23.713-05:00Medals and Mental Illness: Olympic Athlete Sparks A Dialogue <div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgn3Gmsry5Fp6KrRoakikqWc85a4gGp2HO7uwyl7pLFxGH7JlpyhGyvGO7g9YF7ut4KIGgihD6kfYuI7LHFB60QETNwTVtxasUv105Tn02Y0-G3JV7BG3C1CiEDcOSVTAEqFj52NERzuSpL/s1600/Stefan.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgn3Gmsry5Fp6KrRoakikqWc85a4gGp2HO7uwyl7pLFxGH7JlpyhGyvGO7g9YF7ut4KIGgihD6kfYuI7LHFB60QETNwTVtxasUv105Tn02Y0-G3JV7BG3C1CiEDcOSVTAEqFj52NERzuSpL/s1600/Stefan.jpg" height="320" width="213" /></a></div>
<i>Today's <a href="http://pop-health.blogspot.com/2014/03/pop-health-guest-posts.html" target="_blank">guest post</a> comes from Julie Maier. Julie has a master’s degree in social work and is currently a PhD student in the <a href="http://www.umdpcs.org/" target="_blank">Kinesiology Department at the University of Maryland (Physical Cultural Studies focus</a>). Her research interests focus on the intersection of mental health, gender, sexuality, and the body. If you'd like to get in touch, she can be reached at <a href="mailto:jmaier@umd.edu">jmaier@umd.edu</a>. </i><br />
<i><br /></i>
Olympic season brings with it a plethora of news stories focused on some of the best athletes in the world. In addition to factual accounts of Olympians’ performances, human-interest stories and sensationalized gossip pervade the print and online media. Indeed, one would have to bury his or her head in the snow to avoid hearing about athletes during this time of year. While many Olympic-centered articles are seemingly trivial, some stand out as having the potential to create a more socially just world. For example, an Olympian came out describing his struggles with something that remains relegated to doctors’ offices or psychology classrooms: mental illness. Though athletes’ discussion of mental health can be seen as a way to de-stigmatize this issue, the overall impact is dependent upon informed reporting that does not perpetuate misconceptions about various forms of distress. <br />
<br />
<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span>Upon winning the gold medal in the 1,000 meter men’s speed skating event in Sochi, the news reports that followed not only detailed the Dutch athlete <a href="http://www.nbcolympics.com/news/stefan-groothuis-overcomes-depression-and-wins-olympic-gold" target="_blank">Stefan Groothuis’ Olympic win</a>, but his disclosure of his battle with depression. According to Reuters, Groothuis had struggled with depression for years, which hindered not only his training, but his overall ability to enjoy life. Casert, in an article by the <a href="http://sports.yahoo.com/news/groothuis-wins-again-dutch-davis-153802986--spt.html" target="_blank">Associated Press</a>, noted that Groothius’ depression brought him to the point of contemplating suicide. By opening up about mental illness, Groothius joins a handful of professional athletes who, through the years, have come out as living with particular forms of distress such as <a href="http://www.today.com/news/skier-lindsey-vonn-reveals-battle-depression-1C7604583" target="_blank">depression</a>, <a href="http://www.psychologytoday.com/blog/stop-walking-eggshells/201108/football-player-brandon-marshall-the-new-face-borderline-personal" target="_blank">borderline personality disorder</a>, <a href="http://sports.espn.go.com/new-york/columns/story?columnist=cimini_rich&id=6267822" target="_blank">bipolar disorder</a>, and <a href="http://www.cnn.com/2012/10/09/living/royce-white-anxiety/" target="_blank">obsessive compulsive disorder</a>.<br />
<br />
<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span> The significance of such attention to mental health issues cannot be overstated. Though progress undoubtedly is being made to reduce the stigmatization of those who live with mental illness, there is still a long way to go. For instance, in a <a href="http://journals.psychiatryonline.org/Article.aspx?ArticleID=1814533" target="_blank">2014 article published in Psychiatry Services</a>, Dr. Jennifer Stuber and colleagues found that negative attitudes towards people with mental illness were prevalent amongst the lay public, as well as some mental health providers. Participants indicated being particularly afraid of individuals with schizophrenia due to the misperception that such people are inherently dangerous. Additionally, over two-thirds of the general public and almost one half of mental health practitioners in the study reported not wanting somebody with schizophrenia to marry into their family. Such stereotypes contribute to an environment in which those suffering from mental health conditions are subject to discrimination, marginalization, and various forms of abuse. Greater openness about mental health may help to educate the general public about a topic that frequently arises only in light of sensationalized tragedies such as mass shootings, and then quickly disappears, sending the message that those with mental illness are a threat to public safety, and mental health is only appropriate to discuss when lives have been taken.<br />
<br />
<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span>The fact that professional athletes are stepping out and talking about their experiences with distress is of particular importance. In the realm of sport, a traditionally (and still!) masculine domain, mental illness is too often equated with weakness. In fact, historian <a href="http://www.ingentaconnect.com/content/routledg/sh/2012/00000029/00000006/art00002" target="_blank">Dr. Roberta Park</a> (2012) noted that sport was used as a way to toughen up men returning from war who were suffering from what we might now consider a form of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). The idea that mental illness is a form of weakness or an excuse can be seen in many of the responses to NBA player <a href="http://www.usatoday.com/story/sports/nba/2013/02/12/royce-white-plays-for-d-league-team/1915101/" target="_blank">Royce White’s coming out</a> as having obsessive compulsive disorder and generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) in 2012, which included death threats. Such negative reactions, however, only reaffirm the importance of celebrated athletes speaking up about mental health.<br />
<br />
<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span> Although self-disclosure is of course not enough in and of itself to drastically change the lives of those living with depression, schizophrenia, or the like, it can have a positive impact on the discourse surrounding mental health. This is dependent upon the way journalists and others craft and frame the athletes’, and other public figures’, stories. For example, one headline pertaining to Groothius announced that “<a href="http://sports.yahoo.com/news/groothuis-wins-again-dutch-davis-153802986--spt.html" target="_blank">Groothuis gold ends years of misery, depression,</a>” while another boasted that “<a href="http://www.nbcolympics.com/news/stefan-groothuis-overcomes-depression-and-wins-olympic-gold#sthash.dEpBF9PR.dpuf" target="_blank">Stefan Groothuis overcomes depression and wins Olympic gold</a>.” Such framing may perpetuate the misconception that most mental illnesses can be overcome, never to return, as opposed to an ongoing condition whose severity may ebb and flow throughout one’s life--something that can be managed, though never fully cured. This is not to discount Groothuis’ experience; perhaps he has indeed ‘overcome’ depression. However, for many suffering from depression—particularly, major depressive disorder—they may never be fortunate enough to be totally free from depression (see psychiatrist Peter Kramer’s widely cited book, <a href="http://www.amazon.com/Against-Depression-Peter-D-Kramer/dp/0143036963" target="_blank">Against Depression</a>, for more on this). With that said, the aforementioned headlines may make people with depression who have struggled for years to recover feel further marginalized, while perhaps sending the message that mental illness is temporary.<br />
<br />
Additional conversation surrounding mental health is desperately needed, and stories such as Groothius’ help to chip away at the deep-seated misunderstanding and stereotyping pertaining to mental illness. Hopefully one day athletes coming out with their stories of depression will be a non-issue, but until then, such disclosures are vital for the health of all.Anonymoushttp://www.blogger.com/profile/14481454257463612485noreply@blogger.com1tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-9210028174067978141.post-27393688441995899012014-03-03T15:14:00.000-05:002014-03-03T15:14:23.485-05:00Pop Health Guest PostsHello to all my Pop Health readers! I apologize for the lack of new blog posts since January. I was planning to go on maternity leave in late March, but my little guy decided to surprise me 8 weeks early on January 29th instead! He is doing great (thanks to everyone who has reached out). <br />
Since I will be writing less frequently while on maternity leave, I will be integrating some wonderful guest posts on the blog. <br />
<br />
Thank you to everyone who has volunteered their time to contribute to Pop Health over the next few months!Anonymoushttp://www.blogger.com/profile/14481454257463612485noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-9210028174067978141.post-54871063927107531302014-01-10T09:30:00.000-05:002014-01-10T09:44:17.115-05:00Beyond Communication: Social Media Can Help Pay Your Health Care Bills!<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgpXSULUX2Pg34O112UwJt79LSGXV8hjMyAuTQ7Nq_G1YTABMsauv8_tu3QgKGDMy5ikgRLOTrmem-hLiK7nwYaIr6GNYSXh1SxtZkGWnctKrGhO2fik6fZkZUbANjIz0EdXX9HXqDydUne/s1600/Pay+with+a+tweet.png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgpXSULUX2Pg34O112UwJt79LSGXV8hjMyAuTQ7Nq_G1YTABMsauv8_tu3QgKGDMy5ikgRLOTrmem-hLiK7nwYaIr6GNYSXh1SxtZkGWnctKrGhO2fik6fZkZUbANjIz0EdXX9HXqDydUne/s1600/Pay+with+a+tweet.png" /></a></div>
<br />
Just a few weeks ago, I recapped the "<a href="http://pop-health.blogspot.com/2013/12/top-3-pop-health-trends-in-2013.html" target="_blank">Top 3 Pop Health Trends in 2013</a>". Topping my list was the intersection between social media and public health. I've written about using social media for everything in public health from advocacy to emergency response to surveillance. So I was intrigued to see a recent story that highlighted another innovation: <b>allowing patients to use social media to pay for health care services</b>.<br />
<br />
The <a href="http://www.mhealthnews.com/news/california-telehealth-provider-launches-pay-tweet-program-Twitter-mhealth?page=0" target="_blank">"Pay-With-A-Tweet" program</a> was launched by <a href="http://www.telecure.me/" target="_blank">Telecure</a> as a way to market their telehealth services. They link California residents with an urgent care provider within 15 minutes of their call. Clinicians are made available to callers via phone or video as a way to reduce access to care barriers.<br />
<br />
The "Pay-With-A-Tweet" program will waive the $25 consultation fee if patients <a href="https://www.paywithatweet.com/pay/?id=155202b23b7c63a23654e0f9b1be737e" target="_blank">share their experiences on Facebook or Twitter</a>. According to media reports on the program, the idea blossomed after Telecure officials noticed that patients were discussing their experiences on social media. Creating a formal program allowed Telecure to (1) take advantage of social media marketing and (2) provide those short on cash with an alternate way to pay for care.<br />
<br />
Telecure's CEO told mHealth News that the program's goals are currently to "stimulate awareness and growth". <br />
<br />
I'd be interested to see how Telecure is evaluating this program and hope to see some follow-up press or research that documents the strengths and challenges of this strategy. <br />
<br />
Some thoughts that come to mind for me:<br />
<br />
<ul>
<li>To tweet or not to tweet? How do patient concerns about privacy contribute to their decision to participate in this program? Many patients may not want to share with their social networks that they've been consulting with a physician (regardless of the diagnosis)- is that a barrier to taking advantage of this program?</li>
</ul>
<ul>
<li>Is social media heavily utilized among their target populations (patients in remote locations and under served patients)? What do those user patterns look like?</li>
</ul>
<ul>
<li>How are tweets/facebook posts about negative experiences being handled? Are negative posts still being promoted along with positive posts? How are Telecure officials monitoring posts for customer service problems that may have occurred?</li>
</ul>
<ul>
<li>How are tweets/facebook posts being promoted to the public? For example, I searched several hashtags on twitter after seeing the media coverage (e.g., #telecure, #paywithatweet) but was not able to find any results that included reviews of their services. If they are using social media to market services, they will want the patient posts to be easy to find! </li>
</ul>
<br />
<b>What Do You Think?</b><br />
<br />
<ul>
<li>Is using social media for payment an effective strategy to engage these and other target populations?</li>
<li>What other evaluation questions/considerations should be raised in addition to those I've listed above?</li>
</ul>
<br />
<br />
<br />Anonymoushttp://www.blogger.com/profile/14481454257463612485noreply@blogger.com0